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Performance of Weeder in Mechanically Transplanted Rice Cultivation

A K M S Islam*
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur.

M A Hossen
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur.

M K A Bhuiyan
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur.

M M Islam
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur.

M A Rahman
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field performance of low land weeder was evaluated in a mechanically transplanted rice field at Bahirbagh and Provakordirepresenting the silty loam soil under Gopalganj district of Bangladesh during the non-irrigated wet season (Aman) 2016. Twenty-one-day-old seedlings were transplanted by walk behind type 4-rows mechanical rice transplanter (DP480) at a pre-set spacing of 300 × 170 mm. Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with three replications was applied with weeding practices of BRRI weeder (BW) followed by (fb) one hand weeding (HW), BRRI power weeder (BPW) fb one HW, two HW, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (PSE) fb one HW, weedy check, weed-free and mulching fb two HW (farmers’ practice) in two locations. The common weed species were observed in experimental sites. The weeding efficiency (WE) of BPW and BW was 67 and 44, respectively. The field capacity of BPW and BW was obtained at 0.07 and 0.03 ha hr-1, respectively. The operator’s skill influenced the performance of the weeder. During operation, BPW damaged 14-15% tillers in both locations. However, damaged plants were revived after few days. The labour requirement in BW fb one HW, BPW fb one HW, PSE fb one HW and two HW were 380, 362, 243 and 616 man-hr ha-1respectively. Except for the weedy check, weed management practices showed identical grain yield in both locations. The BCR was accounted in PSE fb one HW (1.35), BW fb one HW (1.21), BPW fb one HW (1.20) whereas the lowest BCR was observed in weedy (0.83) and two HW (1.00). It can be concluded that pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, BRRI power feeder followed by one hand-weeding and BRRI weeder followed by one hand weeding appeared as the cost-effective weed control methods in mechanically transplanted Aman rice production

Keywords: Transplanter, Weeder, Herbicide, Labour, Yield, Benefit-cost ratio

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Weeder

Objectives:

A study was conducted to evaluate the performance of different low land weeder in mechanically transplanted rice in the farmers’ field during the non-irrigated wet season.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the farmers’ field at Bahirbagh and Provakordi under Muksudpurupazila, Gopalganj district of Bangladesh during wet season 2016. The soils of the experimental locations represented the silty loam soil. Experimental plots were designed considering the ease of rice transplanter (4-row walking type rice transplanter, model: DP 480) operation. The average sub-plot size of the experimental field was 238 m² (17.0 m long and 14.0 m width) in Bahirbagh, whereas, it was 210 m² (20.0 m long and 10.5 m width) in Provakordi. Buffer spacing between treatments was 0.5 m. The following seven weeding treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Each of the replication represented a block in the experiment. The treatments were T1= BW fb one HW, T2= BPW fb one HW, T3= Two HW, T4= Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (PSE) fb one HW, T5= Weedy check, T6= Weed-free and T7= Mulching fb two HW (Farmers’ practice). High yielding inbred rice variety BRRI dhan39 was transplanted as variety in Aman season. Twenty-one-day-old seedlings were transplanted in the experimental plots on 19 July 2016 in Bahirbagh and 17 August 2016 in Provakordirespectively. A rotary tiller powered by 2-WT was used for land preparation. Three rotary tillage passes in saturated soil, followed by one leveling, were the operations for land preparation. A plastic tray (580 ×280 × 25 mm) was used for raising mat type seedlings. Clod-free sandy loam soil collected from the respective field was used to fill-up the trays. A total of 130 g of pre-germinated seeds were spread uniformly on each tray. When the radicals and coleoptiles elongate to 1/3 of seed length is desired for the pre-germinated seed to broadcast. After sowing, fine and loose soil was spread over the seeds to 3-5 mm depth. Sprinkling water was applied twice a day until the complete emergence of seedlings. Seedlings of 125 to 150 mm height with 2-3 leaves were used in the experiment of Bahirbagh and Provakordi respectively. Walk-behind 4-rows mechanical rice transplanter (model-DP480) was operated at a pre-set spacing of 300 × 170 mm. There are three options in the rice transplanter (DP 480) to adjust the hill spacing (plant-to-plant spacing). The transplanter was set to maintain 170 mm distance between hills spacing in the row. Spacing between rows (line to line spacing) was fixed to 300 mm for the rice transplanter. The transplanting depth control lever was adjusted to the medium mode during field operation to maintain 20-30 mm depth of seedlings placement. A number of seedlings hill-1were adjusted based on the seedling density setting. There were nine options to select a number of seedlings hill^-1. The picker was set at point 4 to maintain similar numbers of seedlings hill-1in all treatments for both locations. During transplanting, minimum standing water was maintained in the field to reduce the floating hills as well as missing hills. Bunds around the individual plots were repaired as and when necessary to control the water flow between the plots. The Hill to hill distance of the transplanted seedlings was measured randomly in three places of each sub-plot from 1.0 m of length. A number of plants hill-1was collected after transplanting from 0.25 m2of area of each subplots. Weed management Weeds were managed according to the design and treatments. BW and BPW were operated at 25 DAT (Days after transplanting) in both locations. Pyrazosulfuron–ethyl was applied to control weeds in T4 at 7 DAT at the rate of 150 g ha-1. One hand weeding was done at 45 DAT to control the weeds of T1, T2, T3and T4plots. Whereas, T6 (weed-free) was weeded at 22, 30, 40 and 50 DAT to keep the field weed-free throughout the crop growing period. In the case of T7, weeds were controlled by the farmers manually at 15, 25 and 40 DAT. Weeding efficiency welding efficiencies (WE) of the BRRI weeder and BRRI power weeder were measured by counting the number of weeds of the pre-selected area before and after weeding. At each sampling time, three quadrates of 0.5 m × 0.5 m were placed randomly in each sub-plot and weeds were collected from each quadrate before and after weeding. Weeding efficiency was calculated using the following equation (Remesan et al., 2007).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 22 (1): 25-34, 2018

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering weeding efficiency and cost as well as benefit-cost ratio pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, BRRI power weeder and BRRI weeder followed by one hand weeding were found more suitable in a mechanically transplanted rice field.

Knowledge Management: Journal