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Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium on Yield of Dry Direct Seeded Rice Cv. Nerica 1 in Aus Season

S. Uddin
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A.R. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.M. Rahman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Nitrogen and potassium are the yield-limiting nutrients in rice production regions of Bangladesh. The use of efficient N and K doses is an important complementary strategy in improving rice yield and quality and reducing the cost of production. In order to assess the influence of nitrogen and potassium on the yield response of NERICA 1 rice in Aus season, an experiment was carried out in Bangladesh from April to August 2011. The experiment encompassed five levels of nitrogen viz.,0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg N ha^-1 from urea and four levels of potassium viz. 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg K2Oha^-1 from muriate of potash have been applied using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results revealed that application of nitrogen at 80 kg ha^-1 produced the highest number of total spikelets and a maximum number of grains panicle-1 resulted in the highest grain yield. In the case of potassium, the highest number of total tillers and effective tillers, maximum number of total spikelets and grains panicle-1 resulted in the highest grain yield from 40 kg K2O ha^-1. The interaction of nitrogen and potassium showed a significant effect on all the parameters except 1000-grain weight. Simultaneous application of 80 kg N ha^-¹ and 40 kg K2O ha^-1 produced the highest grain yield in NERICA 1 rice. A functional positive relationship was observed between effective tillers and grains panicle^-1 with grain yield of NERICA 1 rice and it was linear. Based on the results it may be recommended that nitrogen and potassium should be applied at 80 kg N ha^-1 and 40 kg K2O ha^-¹ for obtaining the higher grain yield of NERICA 1 rice during the Aus season.

Keywords: Aus rice; NERICA 1; Fertilizer Management; Yield components; Yield

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-04-2011

End Date: 00-08-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice

Objectives:

The present investigation was conducted to determine the effect of N and K and also find out the optimum dose of N and K for obtaining the maximum yield of Aus rice cv. NERICA 1.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh during April to August 2011. The experimental field is located at 24.75° N latitude and 90.50° E longitude at an average altitude of 18 m above the mean sea level. The experimental site belongs to the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9). The land was medium-high and the soil was silt loam and well-drained and its general fertility level was low and low in organic matter content (1.19%). The experiment consisted of five levels of N viz. 0 kg ha^-1 (N0), 20 kg ha^-1 (N1), 40 kg ha^-1 (N2), 60 kg ha^-1 (N3) and 80 kg ha^-1 (N4) coupled with four levels of K viz. 0 kg K2O ha^-1 (K0), 20 kg K2Oha^-1 (K1), 40 kgK2O ha^-1 (K2) and 60 kg K2O ha^-1 (K3). The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. The plot size was 4m × 2.5 m and the total number of unit plots was 60 (20 × 3). NERICA 1 (O. sativa x O. glaberrima) variety was used in this experiment. The experimental field was ploughed and cross ploughed followed by laddering to obtain a desirable soil condition. Both nitrogen and potassium fertilizers were applied according to the treatments. Triple superphosphate (TSP), gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied during land preparation at 125, 60 and 10kg ha^-1, respectively. Muriate of potash (MOP) was also applied at the same time as per treatment. The whole amount of urea was top-dressed in three equal splits each at 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing. Primed seeds were sown by hand in rows on the dry bed of the main field at4-5 seeds hill-1 with 25 cm × 15 cm spacing on 2 May 2011. Intercultural operations like weeding, irrigation and plant protection measures were done as and when necessary. Five hills (excluding boarder hills) were randomly selected at maturity and uprooted from each unit plot prior to harvest for recording data on different plant characters. The crop was harvested when 90% of the grains become golden yellow. The grains were threshed, cleaned and oven-dried to record the grain yield plot^-1. The grain yield was adjusted to 12% moisture content. Straws were also oven-dried to records it yields plot^-1. Grain and straw yields were then converted to t ha^-1. The recorded data were analyzed using the Analysis of variance with the help of the computer package MSTAT (MSATAT-C, 1988). The mean differences among treatments were adjudged with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Intl. J. Agron. Plant. Prod. Vol., 4 (1),69-75, 2013

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Nitrogen application increased rice grain yield and yield components with the highest grain yield (2.96 t ha^-1) obtained at 80 kg N ha-1. O the other hand, the potassium at 40 kg K2O ha^-1 produced the highest grain yield(2.88 t ha^-1). The combined application of nitrogen and potassium at 80 kg N ha^-1 and 40 K2O kg ha^-1 gave the maximum grain yield (3.49 t ha^-1) of NERICA 1. Therefore, it can be concluded that the combined application of 80 kg N ha^-1 and 40 kg K2Oha^-¹ could the best fertilizer management practice for the higher grain yield of Aus rice cv. NERICA 1.

Knowledge Management: Journal