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Response of Sweet Pepper (capsicum Annuum L.) in Saline Region of Bangladesh

Mohammad Rabel Islam Suhel
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Nusrat Jahan Methela
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh

Roksana Aftab Ruhi
Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Belayet Hossain
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Salinity is one of the major issues that lead to a reduction in crop productivity. This study aimed to investigate the response of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to saline soil. The research was conducted in Agricultural Research Field at Noakhali Science and Technology University during 2018-19 with two sweet pepper varieties as treatment named Red Army (V₁) and California Wonder (V₂). The results indicated that there were significant variations between the two varieties in different parameters of growth as well as yield performance. The result showed that between the treatments V₂ (California Wonder) gave the higher yield ie., 10.65 ton/ha while V₁ (Red Army) produced 9.61 ton/ha. Moreover, the taller plants and longer fruit were obtained from the V₂ which were 32.43 cm and 8.23 cm respectively. Even among the other parameters, V₂ gave higher growth and development than V₁. Furthermore, average single fruit weight/plant was recorded 76.33 g in California Wonder (V₂) whereas Red Army (V₁) provided 74.16 g. The finding of the experiment indicated that the overall better performance could be obtained from V₂ California Wonder variety of sweet pepper. This study evaluated the varietal performance of two varieties and it can be said from the experiment that the California Wonder is the best variety for cultivation in saline region in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Sweet Pepper, Salinity, Growth, Yield

Location: Noakhali Science and Technology University (NSTU), Noakhali

Start Date: 00-10-2018

End Date: 00-03-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sweet Pepper, Soil salinity

Objectives:

This study aimed to investigate the response of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to saline soil.

Methodology:

The study had been conducted from October 2018 to March 2019 during Rabi Season in the field of Noakhali Science and Technology University (NSTU), Noakhali which has sub-tropical climate conditions with significant rainfall in most months. The average annual temperature and rainfall are 25.6 °C and 3,302 mm individually. This area experienced a series of erosion and accretion phenomena due to the Meghna river estuary. The soil of the research field has a slightly too moderate amount of soil salinity which is ranging from 0.14 to 0.89 dS/m. Two sweet pepper varieties used as treatments with three replication in this study. V₁ = Red Army; V₂ = California Wonder. Cowdung (5 tons) was applied before the land preparation but whole amount of Gypsum, TSP, Boric acid and half of MOP were applied during the final land preparation. Urea and rest amount of MOP were applied at three installments (15 days interval) in furrows made on circle of the seedling and mixed properly with soil. The experiment was done in RCBD design with two treatments. Seedlings were planted at a spacing of 35 cm × 45 cm in area of 10 m². Each plot consisted of 5 plants with total of 2 plots for each bed. The area of each plot is 3.20 m². Organic fertilizers were applied 2 weeks before planting whereas inorganic fertilizer was applied 2 weeks after planting. Healthy seedlings were dibbled 5 cm deep on 18^th November 2018 maintaining uniform distance of 35 x 45 cm. After transplanting continuous observation was made. It was observed that in three plots a single plant died. So there was a need for gap filling. Earthing up was done at 30 DAT. To protect the crops from Brown Hopper and Aphid. Diathen M 45 and Capture 75 WDG were sprayed at 15 days interval. After transplanting several data including plant height, leaf number, number of flower/plant, number of fruit/plant, fruit weight, and fruit length were taken from 4 plants/plots to assess plant growth. Fruits were harvested at 15 days intervals with 3 harvesting. The collected data were statistically analyzed by using the SPSS software (version 15.0).

Source of Information: Asian Journal of Crop, Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2020; 04(02), 150-156.

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.18801/ajcsp.040220.19

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering the above statement, it is concluded that four green manures viz. S. rostrata, S. aculeata, C. juncea and V. unguiculata were found to be effective green manures in terms of nitrogen contribution and especially its incorporation into soil revealed the significant and positive effect of subsequent and succeeding crop yield. The increased rice grain yields (52%) were obtained due to growing and incorporation of Sesbania rostrata followed by S. aculeata (46%) prior to T. Aman rice. These crops when incorporated into soil with 50% N produced higher and satisfactory yield of T. Aman rice compared to that of 100% NPK. The residual effect of S. rostrata and S. aculeata had also a positive impact on the following crop mustard. The 50% reduction of chemical fertilizer can be recommended for subsequent T. Aman rice and succeeding mustard crop from followed by growing Sesbania rostrata, Sesbania aculeata, Crotalaria juncea or Vigna unguiculata as a preceding green manuring crop.

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