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Performance of Herbal Extracts on Diseased Fish

M. N. Alam
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

G. U. Ahmed
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. B. R. Chowdhury
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted for a period of 28 days to observe the effect of plant extracts on the recovery of fish diseases. The experiment was carried out in a mini pond (1.75 decimal) behind the Fisheries Faculty in BAU, Mymensingh. Twelve hapas (3 ×2 ×1.5 sq.ft.) and five studies were conducted with control hapa with 3 treatments and two replicates each. Four medicinal plant products were collected and prepared. In study 1 fishes were treated with Neem Seed Oil, study 2 with Kalojira Seed Oil, study 3 with Neem Leaf Extract, study 4 with Mahogoni Seed Oil and the control hapa was provided with normal feed. The treatments were practiced as 2ml, 4ml and 6ml per kg feed. At the beginning of the experiment, fishes had red spots on the dorsal and caudal region, scale missing, large abrasions and black to grayish spots. In Kalojira Seed Oil (study 2) treated fish, spots and lesions were totally recovered in T2and T3whereas in T1there were traces spots at the end of the experiment. However, in Neem Seed Oil and Neem Leaf fine extract-treated fish (study 1 and study3), injury, abrasions and lesions were almost healed up in T3(6ml/kg feed) and the moderate recovery in T2and T1. In Mahogoni Seed Oil (study 4) treated fish, ulcers and lesions were reduced in size but existed distinctly in all the treatments at the end of the experiment. In the control study (study 5) injury and abrasions had no recovery but remained almost similar till the end of the experiment. Thus it was found that Kalojira Seed Oil performed best recovery (90-95%)followed by Neem Seed Oil(78-84%), Neem Leaf fine extract (70-75%) and poor performance was observed with Mahogoni Seed Oil extract (35-40%). So, kalojira seed oil was the best-performed herb and T3(6ml/kg feed) was the best dose followed by T1and T2.

Keywords: Herbs, Extracts, Fish, Disease

Location: Fisheries Faculty in BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date: 07-03-2012

End Date: 04-04-2012

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

The objective of the present study was to observe the use of various medicinal plant products against fish diseases.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out for a period of 28 days from 07 March to 04 April 2012, to observe the effect of plant extracts on the recovery of fish diseases. The experiment was carried out in mini ponds (1.75 decimal) behind the Fisheries Faculty in BAU, Mymensingh. Thirteen hapas were set with a size of 3 ×2 ×1.5 sq. ft with five studies. Four types of herbal products medicines and a control were used in the present investigation. In study 1 fishes were treated with Neem Seed Oil, study 2 with Kalojira Seed Oil, study 3 with Neem Leaf Extract, study 4 with Mehagoni Seed Oil and study 5 (control hapa) was provided with normal feed. The treatments were designed as 2ml/kg feed, 4ml/kg feed and 6ml/kg feed for each study. Each study had 3 treatments (T1, T2, and T3) with two replicates (R1, R2) in each. Diseased fish were collected from a research pond of the Fisheries Faculty, BAU, Mymensingh. The fish species were Sharputi (Puntius sarana) (T1and T2) and Rui (Labeo rohita)(T3and T4) affected by EUS and red spot diseases. The selected medicinal plants were Neem (Azadirachta indica), Kalojira (Nigella sativa) and Mahogoni (Swietenia mahagoni). Three semi crude extracts such as Neem seed oil, Kalojira seed oil, Mehagoni seed oil and one solvent extract (Neem leaf) were used in the present investigation. Neem seed oil and kalojira seed oil were collected from a grocer shop, Choto bazaar, Mymensingh. Mehagoni seed oil was collected from Rampal, Bagerhat. The Neem leaves were dried in the sunlight and prepared into powder form by using a grinder. This powder was extracted into fine form by using ethanol in a soxhlet apparatus in the Agri-chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, BAU, Mymensingh. Then it was stored in the refrigerator. The feed was supplied on earthen trays during the experiment. For clinical observations sampling was done at seven days intervals. Water quality parameters like temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and ammonia were measured by using a test kit from Well tech Biotechnology Products Co. Ltd. and Vet Superior Aquaculture Co. Ltd. Thailand. For clinical observation, fishes were examined externally for any injury, infections and diseases.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 225-230ISSN: 1729-7893 (Print), 2308-0922 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study provides some useful information regarding the efficacy of medicinal herbs against fish disease. Out of four medicinal plant products used have Kalojira seed oil showed better disease recovery followed by Neem seed oil and Neem leaf extract. Mahogoni seed oil exhibited poor recovery of diseased fishes.

Knowledge Management: Journal