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Effect of Rice Residue on Weed Suppression and Yield Performance of Boro Rice

Md. Abdus Salam
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh

Jannatul Ferdus
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh

Afroza Sultana
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh

Abu Salek
Upazila Agriculture Officer
Banshkhali, Chottrogram, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from December 2017 through May 2018 to study the effect of rice residue on weed suppression and yield of boro rice. The experiment consisted of four different rice residue treatments such as no rice residue, 2.5, 5 and 7.5t ha^-1rice residue, and five different herbicidal treatments such as no herbicide (H₀), 25% of the recommended dose (RD), 50% RD, 75% RD and 100% of RD. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Seven weed species belonging to five families infested the experimental plots. Weed density and weed dry weight were significantly affected by incorporation of rice residue and herbicidal treatment. The maximum weed growth was noticed with no rice residue incorporation and application of no herbicide. The minimum weed density and dry weight were found in incorporation of 5 t rice residue ha^-1 and application of 100% of RD of herbicide treatment. Rice residue exerted significant effect on yield and yield contributing characters like plant height, number of total tillers hill^-1, number of effective tillers hill^-1 and grain yield. The highest grain yield (4.89 t ha^-1) was recorded with the incorporation of 2.5 t ha^-1 rice residue which was statistically identical with5 and 7.5 t ha^-1 rice residues. The grain yield (5.70 t ha^-1) produced by 75% of RD of herbicide was the highest among the other herbicidal treatments. The highest number of effective tillers hill^-1 (12.80), 1000-grain weight (21.07), grain yield (5.87 t ha^-1) and straw yield (7.21 t ha^-1) were observed with the incorporation of 5 t rice residue ha^-1 and 75% of the RD of herbicide treatment. Results of this study indicate that rice residue showed potentiality to inhibit the growth of weed and exerted significant effect on the yield of boro rice. Rice residue @ 5 t ha^-1 with application of herbicide of 75% RD might be suggested to use for effective weed management and better grain yield of boro rice.

Keywords: Allelopathy, Boro rice, Rice residue, Weed suppression, Yield

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-12-2017

End Date: 00-05-2018

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Weed management, Rice

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the effect of BRRI dhan29 rice residue on weed suppression and yield performance of boro rice;

2. To find out the effect of different doses of herbicide on weed suppression and yield performance of boro rice; and

3. To determine the interaction effect of BRRI dhan29 rice residue and herbicide on weed suppression and yield performance of boro rice;

4. To establish an effective weed control method with integration of rice residue and herbicide.

Methodology:

Experimental site- An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from December 2017 to May 2018 to study the effect of rice residue on weed suppression and on the performance of boro rice. Soil- The experimental area belongs to Non Calcareous Dark Grey Floodplain soil under the Sonatola soil series of Old Brahmaputra Flood plain in Agro Ecological Zone (AEZ- 9). The soils of this series are pre- dominantly silty loam, dark grey in color having pH value 6.5, low in organic matter and its general fertility level is low. Treatments and design- The experiment consisted of four different rice residue treatments such as no rice residue (R₀), 2.5(R₁), 5(R₂) and 7.5 t rice residue ha^-1 (R₃) and five different herbicidal treatments such as no herbicide (H₀), 25% of the recommended dose (RD) (H₁), 50% of RD (H₂), 75% of RD (H₃) and 100% of RD of herbicide (H₄). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Thus the total numbers of unit plots were 60 and each plot size was 2.5 m × 2 m. Agronomic management- Seed of BRRI dhan29 was collected from the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The sprouted seeds were sown in the nursery bed on 19 December 2017. Proper care was taken to raise the healthy seedlings in the nursery bed. The field was prepared by a power tiller and followed by laddering. Weeds and stubbles were removed and cleaned from individual plots. Rice residues were applied 7 days before transplanting. Rice straw was cut into pieces before application to the plots. The land was fertilized with urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate as per recommendation of BRRI for BRRI dhan29. The experimental plots were fertilized with urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum and ZnS0₄ @300-100-120-100-10 kg ha^-1, respectively. The entire amount of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate was applied at the time of final land preparation. Urea was top dressed in three equal installments at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). Thirty two days old seedlings were transplanted in the well prepared puddle field on 20 January 2017 at the rate of three seedlings hill^-1, maintained row and hill distance of 25 cm and 15 cm, respectively. Pre-emergence herbicide Superhit 500 EC (Pretilachlor) was applied as per treatment one day after transplanting by a hand sprayer. Data collection- Data were collected at different growth stages and finally at harvest stage. Before harvesting rice five hills were collected randomly from each plot excluding border plants and uprooted carefully for data recording of different yield components. The grains were cleaned and finally the weight was adjusted to a moisture content of 14%. The straw was sun dried and the yields of grain and straw plot^-1 were converted to t ha^-1. Data were recorded on weed density and weed dry weight and yield and yield contributing characters of rice. Statistical analysis- The recorded data were compiled and tabulated for statistical analysis. All the collected data were analyzed following the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and mean differences were adjusted by Duncan's Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 5(3): 320-327 (2020)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.0503013

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above results it is found that 5.0 t ha^-1 rice residue with 75% of the recommended dose of herbicide treatment exhibited the superior effect. It may be concluded that 5.0 t ha^-1 rice residue with 75% of the recommended dose of herbicide is effective for weed suppression and for obtaining highest grain yield. But further researches are needed using residue of different crops to draw a concrete conclusion.

Knowledge Management: Journal