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M Jahed Rahman
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md Shahjahan Ali
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Nutrient solution and its composition can have the effect of capsicum growth and yield. Specific crops have their own particular nutritional necessity for their proper growth in soilless culture. Therefore, it is important to identify nutritional composition for capsicum soilless culture in Bangladesh. In this study, the growth and yield parameter of sweet pepper was investigated by applying different formulations of nutrient solutions. Three nutrient solutions were considered as treatments, viz. S1=Hoagland and Arnon, S2=Full strength Rahman and Inden, and S3=¾ strength Rahman and Inden. Vegetative growth, physiological traits and yield contributing characters were measured. The highest plant height (119 cm), number of fruit per plant (20), individual fruit weight (210 g), fruit length (8.7 cm), fruit diameter (7.9 cm), fruit volume (224 cc) and fruits yield (3.99 kg/plant) were found highest when S2 nutrient formulation was applied. But statistically similar results were found in S3. While the ascorbic acid (205.8 mg/100 g FW), leaf area (136.8 cm2), leaf mass ratio (0.97 g.g-1) and net assimilation rate (0.000012 g.cm-2.d-1) were maximum in S3. Therefore, ¾ strength Rahman and Inden, nutrient solution may be used for capsicum culture in the hydroponic system in Bangladesh.

  Hydroponics; Fruit quality; Soilless culture; Antioxidant; Capsicum
  Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207. Bangladesh
  00-04-2015
  00-03-2016
  Crop-Soil-Water Management
  

To identify an optimal dose of nutrient solution for producing higher yield high-quality sweet pepper.

The experiment was conducted in the polythene shade house at the horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207. Bangladesh during April 2015 to March 2016. The site is situated between 23°41/N latitude and 90°22/E longitude. Plant materials and growing environments: Sweet pepper cv. ‘Wonder Bell’ of average fruit weight around 180 g is used in this experiment. Seeds of sweet pepper were collected from Siddique Bazar Seed Market, Dhaka. The seeds were sown in the seed bed prepared by the media mixture of coco peat, broken brick and rice husk at the ratio of 6:2:2 (v/v). Two-week-old seedlings were transferred into the 250 mL plastic pots. Eight-week old seedlings were transferred 20 cm apart into the cork-sheet boxes containing media mixtures of coco peat, broken brick and rice husk at the ratio of 6:2:2 (v/v). The 150 cm × 25 cm × 30 cm cork sheet boxes were prepared by cork sheets. The boxes were filled with the media mixture of coco peat, brick broken and rice husk at the ratio of 6:2:2 (v/v). Six healthy seedlings were transferred in each box. The pH 6.0 and EC 3.0-3.5 dS•m-1, The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. Three nutrient solutions considered as treatments viz.: S1: Hoagland and Arnon nutrient solution; S2: Full strength of Rahman and Inden nutrient solution and S3: ¾ strength of Rahman and Inden nutrient solution. The nutrient compositions of Hoagland and Arnon solution were NO3, NH4, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S of 14.0, 1.0, 3.0, 6.0, 8.0, 4.0 and 4.0 meq•L-1, respectively, and Rahman and Inden solution were NO3-N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S of 17.05, 7.86, 8.94, 9.95, 6.0 and 6.0 meq•L-1, respectively. The rates of micronutrients were Fe, B, Zn, Cu, Mo and Mn of 3.0, 0.5, 0.1, 0.03, 0.025 and 1.0 mg•L-1, respectively for both the nutrient solutions. All the treatments were started at half strength from the first day of the seedlings when transferred into the boxes. Full strength of the treatments was started from the second week of the experiment. The pH 6.0 and EC 2.8 dS•m-1, respectively were maintained in the nutrient solutions. These solutions were used in different boxes. After one week of capsicum seedlings transplantation 1/2 strength of nutrient solution was used. Treatments were applied from the second week of the transplantation. Nine plants were considered as an experimental unit. In this experiment two nutrient solutions at different concentration were used. One nutrient solution was Hoagland and Arnon solution and the other was Rahman and Inden solution. These nutrient solutions were prepared according to their composition. Mg2SO4, NH4H2PO4, KNO3, and Ca(NO3)2 were prepared as macro-nutrient solution and a micro-nutrient stock solution was prepared. Preparation of growing media for raising seedling The mixture of coco peat, broken bricks (khoa) and ash at the ratio of 50:30:20% (v/v). Coco peat was soaked in a big bowl for 24 hours. It was washed well with water and spread in a polythene sheet for 3 hours. Then they are mixed with khoa and ash properly. This mixer was placed in a styro foam sheet box for using seedbed. Data collection Data on the following parameters were recorded from the plants during the experiment. Six plants were regarded as an experimental unit. Data were collected on different growth and yield components viz. plant height at different days after planting, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit volume, pericarp thickness, number of fruit per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit yield per plant; physiological parameters, viz. Leaf Area (LA), Leaf Area Ratio (LAR), Leaf Mass Ratio (LMR), Root Weight Ratio (RWR), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR). However, physiological parameters were recorded at the end of the experiment and antioxidants were measured during the experiment. From the random samples of plants weighing then sun dried for seven days. After drying, plants were weighed. An electric balance was used to record the dry weight of plant and it was calculated on percentage basis. The percentage of dry matter of plant was calculated by the following formula. % Dry matter of plant=(Constant dry weight of plant/Fresh weight of plant) × 100 Ascorbic acid content in capsicum was measured from Bangladesh Council of scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR). Growth parameters (dry weights of stem, leaf and root), and different physiological parameters [Leaf area (LA), leaf area ratio (LAR), leaf mass ratio (LMR), root weight ratio (RWR), relative growth rate (RGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR)] were determined in the experiments. Leaf area was measured by Photoshop program.

  AGBIR Vol.36 No.1 February-2020
  
Funding Source:
  

In conclusion, the different strengths of nutrient solutions have affected vegetative production, yield, ascorbic acid concentration and physiological traits. The maximum number of fruit, plant height, fruit volume, NAR, RGR and ascorbic acid content was found in S3. Thus, sweet pepper can be grown in the greenhouse using ¾ strength of Rahman and Inden nutrient solution in Bangladesh with higher yield.

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