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Determinants and Its Impact of Occupational Shifting and Migration of Farm Labor from Agriculture to Non Agriculture Sector in Some Selected Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

N. D. Kundu
Scientific Officer
Annual Report, 2017, Agricultural Economics Division, Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Barisal, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted for the identification of the Causes and determinants of agricultural labour shift, as well as agricultural, economic and social impact in three coastal districts namely Borguna, Patuakhali and Bhola. The study revealed that low profit in agricultural activities (87%) were the major cause of labour shift in the non-agricultural sector. Maximum farmers (49 %) shifted their occupation from agriculture to non-agriculture sector within own district . At the Place of destination farmers mainly involved in different kinds of occupation. Rickshaw puller (21 %) was the highest percentage among the shifted labour. Cost of production increases was the major Labour shift impact on Agricultural. Age, Education, Family members, Residence distance and Employment opportunity were the significant determinant for labour shift from agricultural to non-agricultural sector.

Keywords: Socioeconomic, Agriculture, Coastal areas,

Location: Borguna, Patuakhali and Bhola of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2016

End Date: 00-05-2017

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Non-commodity: Adoption and mitigation technology

Objectives:

i. To know the socioeconomic characteristics of the farm household; ii. To identify the push and pull factors behind labour shift from agriculture to non-agriculture sector; iii. To determine the agricultural, economic and impact of labour shift iv. To find out the determinants of labour shift from agriculture to non-agriculture sector; and v. To make some policy recommendation on the basis of the study

Methodology:

The study was conducted in three coastal districts namely Borguna, Patuakhali and Bhola during October, 2016 to May, 2017. Betagi and Amtoli upazila from Borguna, Lebukhali and Kolapara upazila from Patuakhali district and Bhola Sadar and Daulotkhan from Bhola district were selected for the study. A total of 180 farmers taking 60 from each district of which 30 from each upazila were selected purposively. Necessary information was collected through survey method with the help of a pre-tested interview schedule by field investigators in collaboration with DAE personnel under direct supervision of the researchers. Collected data were summarized, analyzed and tabulated. Statistical tools like average, percentage and ratio, and logit model were used in presenting the results. The logit regression model was used to find out the determinants of labour migration from Agriculture to non- agriculture sector. The logit regression model is one of the binary choice regression model in which a dichotomous regression variable is considered as the depended variable. The logit model was chosen for this study because it guarantees that the estimated probability lie between 0-1 and they are not linearly related to the explanatory variables.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, 2017, Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the study area most of the labour shift were temporary type mainly associated with illiterate migrants. Low profit in agriculture, poverty, laborous agriculture, vulnerability in agricultural production, vulnerable agricultural market were the major push factor behind agricultural labour shift. Being migrated they get involved in different activities like rickshaw/van pulling, servicing at shop, hotel, restaurant, carpenter, mason, painter, Hawker, auto driver and different types of activities both inside and outside the country. Labour shortage during crop Planting, Labour shortage during crop harvest, Wage hike for agricultural labour, Cost of production increases, Crop damage due to not harvest at the right time were the major labour shift impact on Agriculture. Due to agricultural labour migration there is a great scarcity of agricultural labour in the study area which in turn causes cultivable land kept fallow, besides migrants also creating extra pressure on the city which are creating different types of problems. So following action can be taken like introduce value added activities, establishment of processing industries, Need based modern technologies like improved production technologies, quality seed, seed storage system, crop protection technique, and modern machinery to make agriculture profitable. Besides these following action is also important like Ensure fair price for Agriculture products, Lower the price of Agricultural inputs, Ensure proper supply of agricultural machinery at different phases of crop production , Shortening the product distribution channel, ensure availability of storage facilities and cold storage in every upazilla for crop preservation, Establish processing industry in district level. And above all Commercialization of agricultural production system.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings