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Effects of Barley Crop Residues on Weed Management and Grain Yield of Transplant Aman Rice

JF Zinia
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

MR Uddin
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

MD Hossain
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

UK Sarker
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

MSM Akanda
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

S Rasul
Department of Agronomy, EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh, 69-69/1, BoroIndara Moor, Chapainawabganj 6300, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University during the period from July to December 2017 to evaluate the effect of barley crop residues on weed management and yield of transplant aman rice. The experiment consisted of three time of crop residue application viz. one week before transplanting, at the time of transplanting, at one week after transplanting and five doses of barley crop residues such as no crop residues, barley crop residues @ 0.5 t ha-1, barley crop residues @ 1.0 t ha^-1, barley crop residues @ 1.5 t ha^-1, and barley crop residues @ 2.0 t ha^-1. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Weed population and weed dry weight were significantly affected by the dose and time of barley crop residues application. The minimum weed growth was noticed with the application of barley crop residues @ 2.0 t ha^-1 at one week after transplanting and the maximum one was observed in no crop residues treatment at one week before transplanting. The highest values of percent weed inhibition was found with the application of barley crop residues @ 2.0 t ha^-1 which were 48.13%, 41.39%, 39.71%, 39.88% and 38.73% for panikachu (Monochoria vaginalis), shama (Echinochloa crusgalli), chesra (Scirpus juncoides), amrul (Oxalis corniculata) and sabujnakful (Cyperus difformis), respectively. Rice grain yield and the yield contributing characters produced by the application of crop residues at one week before transplanting was the highest among different times of application and the highest reduction of rice grain yield was obtained in no crop residue treatment. The highest number of effective tillers hill^-1, number of grains panicle^-1, 1000-grain weight, rice grain and straw yields were observed when barley crop residues were applied @ 2.0 t ha^-1 at one week before transplanting. Results of this study indicate that application of barley crop residues @ 2 t ha^-1 at one week before transplanting showed the maximum suppression of weed growth. Therefore, barley crop residues might be used as an alternative tool for weed management in transplant aman rice.

Keywords: Barley, Residues, Weed management, Percent inhibition, Harvest index

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2017

End Date: 00-12-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Weed management, Barley, Rice

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of barley crop residues on weed management and yield of transplant aman rice.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in aman seasons at Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh University, Mymensingh during the period from July to December 2017. The variety BRRI dhan 57 was used as test material. The experimental treatment consists of time of crop residues application viz. i) crop residues application one week before transplanting (T₁), ii) crop residues application at the time of transplanting (T₂), iii) crop residues application one week after transplanting (T₃) and crop residues viz no crop residues (C₀), barley crop residues @ 0.5 t ha^-1(C₁), barley crop residues @ 1.0 t ha^-1 (C₂), barley crop residues @ 1.5 t ha^-1 (C₃), barley crop residues @ 2.0 t ha^-1 (C₄). The experiment was laid out in a split- plot design assigning time of crop residues application in main plot and different crop residues in split plot with three replications. Each plot size was 2m × 2.5m. Land preparation for rice cultivation was done by 3-4 times plowing and cross-plowing followed by laddering. Fertilizers and Manure were applied at the following doses: Urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate @ 164, 60, 104, 67, 10 kg ha^-1, respectively. The entire amounts of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied at the time of final land preparation. Urea was applied in three installments at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). Transplanting was done in 07 August 2017 at the rate of three seedlings per hill with 25 cm × 15 cm spacing. Weed population, weed dry weight and % inhibition were measured to evaluate the performance of different crop residues. The crops were harvested on 07 August 2017 at full maturity. Then the harvested crops of each plot was bundled separately, properly tagged and brought to threshing floor. The crops were then threshed and the fresh weights of grain and straw were recorded from an area of l m² in the middle of each plot. The grains were cleaned and finally the weight was adjusted to a moisture content of 14%. The straw was sun dried and the yields of grain and straw plot^-1 were recorded and converted to t ha^-1. Data were statistically analyzed using the Analysis of Variance technique with the help of statistical computer package MSTAT-C. The mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez 1984).

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 31 (2): 119-129, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/pa.v31i2.50716

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above results it was found that the application of barley crop residues before transplanting @ 2.0 t ha^-1 exhibited the superior herbicidal activity for suppressing weed growth. Therefore, the application of barley crop residues @ 2.0 t ha^-1 at one week before transplanting could be a prospective source of efficient weed management for sustainable and ecological crop production in modern agricultural science. Tomato is a moderately salt tolerant vegetable and the most economical and useful vegetable. The salt tolerant tomato varieties now have become very potential to help generate farmers’ income within a much shortened possible period. This will increase the agricultural production which is the backbone of economy in developing countries. Herein of afterwards it can also be concluded that BARI Tomato-7 is the most suitable variety for these two regions.

Knowledge Management: Journal