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Amelioration of Adverse Effect of Drought on Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Variety BRRI Dhan28 Through Application of Poultry Litter Based Compost

AKMMB Chowdhury
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

MA Hossain
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

J Alam
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

MA Hasan
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

MZ Islam
Division of Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out at the research field of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during January 2017 to May 2017 to evaluate the effects of poultry litter based composts on morpho-physiological, yield and yield contributing characters of BRRI dhan28, a mega rice variety of Boro season in Bangladesh, under different water stress conditions. The plants were grown in pots, and the experiment was laid out in a factorial complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Factor A included three levels of fertilizer and compost amendments i.e. control (recommended inorganic fertilizer), compost (10 t ha-1) + inorganic fertilizer, compost (20 t ha-1) + without inorganic fertilizers, and factor B comprised of three water levels (continuous flooding, 100% field capacity and 75% field capacity). Different parameters such as plant height, tiller number, leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll content, proline content and yield contributing characters were measured during the experiment. Most of the measured parameters were significantly influenced by irrigation levels with different fertilizer and compost amendments. The highest plant height and leaf number per hill were found in the treatment of compost (10 t ha-1) + inorganic fertilizer with 100% field capacity, though the maximum tiller number were produced by the interaction of control with flooding irrigation. The total chlorophyll was observed more in flag leaf by the interaction of control with 100% field capacity. The Proline content was observed more in flag leaf by the interaction of control with 75% field capacity. Relative water content was found more with the interaction of compost (10 t ha-1) + inorganic fertilizer with 75% field capacity. The highest effective tiller number hill-1 was found from control (19.33) at harvest. It was also observed that irrigation with 75% field capacity produced the lowest effective tiller (15.89) hill-1 at harvest. The longest panicle length (23.12 cm) was observed with the combined effect of compost (10 t ha-1) +inorganic with 75% field capacity. Thousand grain weight was found highest (18.83 g) in the interaction of compost (20 t ha-1 + without inorganic) with 75% field capacity. The interaction of compost (20 t ha-1 + without inorganic) and flooding irrigation gave the highest grain yield (33.17 g pot-1), which was statistically similar to the treatment of compost (10 t ha-1 + inorganic) with flooding irrigation. The highest harvest index was found from compost (20 t ha-1 + without inorganic) with flooding irrigation.

Keywords: Rice, Fertilizer, Poultry litter, Compost, Drought, Irrigation

Location: Crop Physiology and Ecology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-01-2017

End Date: 00-05-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice, Manures, Drought

Objectives:

To develop a suitable integrated dose of poultry litter based organic compost and inorganic fertilizer in combination of different levels of water to find out the interaction effects on yield as well as yield components of BRRI dhan28.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Crop Physiology and Ecology Research Field, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during January to May 2017. The experiment was laid out in a factorial complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Factor A included three (3) fertilizer levels i.e. control (inorganic), compost (10t ha-1 ) + inorganic, compost (20t ha1 ) + without inorganic fertilizers and factor B comprised of three water levels (continuous flooding, 100% field capacity and 75% field capacity). A 15 litter bucket was used as a pot. Each pot was filled with 15 kg soil. Above mentioned rates of compost and fertilizer dose (recommended) were given in each pot before transplanting of rice. Compost was prepared from poultry manure with different bulking agents (Kobra, 2016). Field capacity was measured through the gravimetric method before use. Watering was done according to treatments. Each pot contained two seedlings of 25 days old. Weeding and other intercultural operations were done as per requirement. booting, anthesis and maturity stage after transplanting for collecting data on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem dry weight, leaf dry weight, and root dry weight. Plant height was measured from the base to the tip of the top leaf (at 30 DAT, vegetative & reproductive stage) and the tip of the top panicle (for maturity stage). The leaf area of all the green leaves was measured by leaf area meter (CI-202 AREA METER). At each sampling, plants were uprooted and separated into leaf, stem and root. After separating the different parts of the plants, individual components were oven-dried at 70°C for at least 72 hours and weighed. Chlorophyll content of the flag leaf at the anthesis stage was estimated according to Witham et al. (1986). 0.25g of the leaf was taken from the middle position of the flag leaf in a brown bottle containing 25ml of 80% aqueous acetone. The bottles were kept in dark for 48 hours. The optical density of this green colored extract was determined against 80% acetone as blank using a spectrophotometer (SPECTRO UV-VIS RS Spectrophotometer, Labo Med, Inc.) at 645 and 663 nm.

Relative leaf water content was determined from the flag leaves during the anthesis stage of the rice crop. The leaves were collected at 8.00 am. 12.00 noon and 4 pm. Three leaves were taken from each replication. There fresh weights of the leaf samples were taken immediately and then were sunk into the water and kept in petridish for four hours. After four hours when the cells of the leaves become fully turgid, they were taken out from the water and their turgid weights were taken immediately removing adhere surface water with blotting paper by an electric balance. Then the leaves were dried in an oven and weighed. The relative leaf water content was calculated from the following formula (Barrs and Weatherly, 1962). At maturity, harvesting was started at 90 days after transplanting and ended at 95 days after transplanting due to different dates of maturity. Grains obtained from the unit pot were sun-dried and weighed carefully. The harvested crop was threshed pot–wise (g/pot). And 1000- seed weights were also recorded from randomly selected plants of each pot. The data were analyzed by partitioning the total variance using STATA 12 program and the treatment means were compared using Tukey’s Test.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 2020; 18(1) 42-55

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/agric.v18i1.49458

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The influence of organic fertilizer application on crop production and soil properties can be achieved after long time applications. However from the present study, one year poultry litter based compost addition increased the production of BRRI Dhan28. The combined application of poultry litter based compost and inorganic fertilizers increased the rice production and yield through enhanced tiller number, panicle length, 1000-grain weight presumably by increasing nutrient uptake and utilization. From the point of view of sustainable production, integrated application of 10 t ha -1 poultry litter based compost with inorganic fertilizer is recommended for rice cultivation in this area.

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