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Potentiality of Using Allelopathy (an Eco-friendly Concept) to Control Weeds in Rice Field

Dr. Parimal Kanti Biswas
Professor
Department of Agronomy, SAU, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2009 to June 2010 to compare the performance of Water hyacinth and Rice straw to control weeds of two rice varieties as well as to improve soil health and crop yield having different concentrations. Two rice varieties included in the study were BRRI dhan29 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 that assigned to the main plot. Two Allelopathic materials viz. Rice straw and Water hyacinth were in the sub-plot and three concentrations of Allelopathic materials viz. no Allelopathic material (control), 0.50 kg/m² and 1.00 kg/m² in the sub sub-plot. The 40 days old seedlings were transplanted on January 23, 2010 maintaining 25cm x I5cm spacing with two seedlings/hill. Hybrid variety with 0.50 to 1.00 kg/m² rice straw showed the lowest number of weeds/m² at 30 days after transplantation but at 50 days after transplantation the lowest number of weeds/m² was found in the control treatment. The highest number of effective tillers/hill (19.67) was given by the variety BRRI dhan29 with 1.00 kg/m² of Water hyacinth application. In respect of grain yield, the highest yield (7.50 t/ha) was found in the hybrid variety with 1.0 kg/m² of Water hyacinth application and the lowest yield (5.36 t/ha) was given by the control treatment of BRRI dhan29. It may be concluded from the study that rice straw had Allelochemical that control weeds in the initial stage of the crop but at 50 days after transplantation it has no effects on it. On the other hand Water hyacinth has the potentiality to add nutrients to the soil that reflected on the growth of the crop as well as higher yield.

Keywords: Potentiality of using allelopathy, Weeds, Rice

Location: Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 01-07-2009

End Date: 30-06-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To compare the effectiveness of rice straw and water hyacinth in controlling weeds in rice field

2. To determine the suitability of using rice straw and water hyacinth in improving soil health

3. To find out the optimum concentration of rice straw and water hyacinth to control weeds in rice field

4. To determine the performance of rice straw and water hyacinth to increase yield of rice.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2009 to June 2010. The seeds of two rice varieties namely BRRI dhan29 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 were collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Joydebpur, Gazipur on 09 December, 2009. The collected seeds were soaked in water for 48 hours and then tied in two separate bags those covered with jute sacks for sprouting.The sprouted seeds were spread in two separate beds those optimally prepared for better germination of seeds. The beds were watered and watched for few days to save the seeds from bird attacked and other hazards. The seedbed was carefully monitored to ensure water and other intercultural operations were done as and when needed. Fertilization and other plant protection measures were taken as per necessary for getting healthy seedlings. Rice straw of variety BRRI dhan38 having Allelochemical properties was collected and prepared as a planting material for the experiment. The collected rice straw was cut into small pieces for easy incorporation in the main field. As a part of experimental material the fresh materials of Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was collected, cut into small pieces for easy application and incorporation in the main field. An area of 35m x 30m was marked as a main experimental plot. The plot was ploughed and cross ploughed with the help of disc plough and harrow. The land was watered and finally leveled with leveler to ensure uniform application of water. The lay-out of the experiment was done by maintaining 4m x 3m plot having 1m gap between two main plot, sub-plot as well as sub sub-plot and 1.5m gap between two replications.The ails of the entire marked sub sub¬plot, sub-plot, main plot and replications were bunded by making ridge with the help of soil collected from the gaps. The plots were then ready to accept different treatment materials, fertilizers, seedlings etc. The whole plot was manured with cowdung @ 10 t/ha that spread 15 days before ploughing. The chemical fertilizers were used @ 120-40-45- 10-5 kg NPKSZn/ha respectively. The whole amount of all fertilizers except urea was applied as a basal dose on 23rd January, 2010. The urea fertilizer was top dressed in three equal installments.

Source of Information:

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: 500000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 500000

Achievement/Findings:

Hybrid variety with 0.50 to 1.00 kg/m² rice straw showed the lowest number of weeds/m² at 30 days after transplantation but at 50 days after transplantation the lowest number of weeds/m² was found in the control treatment. The highest number of effective tillers/hill (19.67) was given by the variety BRRI dhan29 with 1.00 kg/m² of Water hyacinth application. In respect of grain yield, the highest yield (7.50 t/ha) was found in the hybrid variety with 1.0 kg/m² of Water hyacinth application and the lowest yield (5.36 t/ha) was given by the control treatment of BRRI dhan29. It may be concluded from the study that Rice straw had Allelochemical that control weeds in the initial stage of the crop but at 50 days after transplantation it has no effects on it. On the other hand Water hyacinth has the potentiality to add nutrients to the soil that reflected on the growth of the crop as well as higher yield.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings