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Population Fluctuation of Grasspea Aphid, Aphis Craccivora Koch in Relation to Sowing Time and Its Effect on Grain Yield. Season: 2018-2019

M. A. A. Mumin
Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishurdi, Pubna, Bangladesh

M. A. Hossain
Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishurdi, Pubna, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at Pulses Research Centre (PRC), Ishurdi, Pabna during rabi season in 2018-19. Seven sowing dates with one week interval viz. 31^th October, 2018 (T₁); 07^th November, 2018 (T₂); 14^th November, 2018 (T₃); 21^th November, 2018 (T₄); 28^th November, 2018 (T₅); 05^th December, 2018 (T₆) and 12^th December, 2018 (T₇) respectively were considered as seven treatments. BARI Khesari-3 was selected for this experiment. The percent twig infestation by aphid was higher (60.42%) in the late sown crop 5^th December, 2018 followed by crop sown on 12 December, 2018 (57.71%). Aphid infestation was lower in the crop sown on 14 November (19.38%) which was statistically similar to 07^th November (22.92%). The variation in sowing time resulted in availability of different stages of crop at a time and the difference in aphid population might be due to succulent stage of late sown crop which was preferred by the aphid for its multiplication. However, highest seed yield (1040.28 kg/ha) was obtained from the crop sown on 14^thNovember. The yield in 31^th October (838.89 kg/ha) and 7^thNovember (933.33 kg/ha) sown crop was reduced probably due to extra early sowing, but found higher than the crop sown on 28^th November (813.89 kg/ha), 05^th December (802.78 kg/ha) and 12^th December (794.44 kg/ha). The reduction in yield in late sown crop on 05^thDecember and 12^th December was probably due to heavy infestation of aphid along with delayed sowing.

Keywords: Pulses, Lentil, Grain yield, Grasspea

Location: Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishurdi, Pubna, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2018

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Grasspea

Objectives:

This experiment was done to fulfill the following objectives:

i) To know population fluctuation trend and to find out suitable time(s) of sowing to avoid aphid infestation.

ii) To assess yield loss due to aphid infestation.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Pulses Research Centre (PRC), Ishurdi, Pabna during rabi season in 2018-19. To estimate the population fluctuation of grasspea aphid in relation to sowing time the seeds were sown with seven sowing dates viz. 31^th October, 2018; 07^th November, 2018; 14^th November, 2018; 21^th November, 2018; 28^th November, 2018; 05^th December, 2018 and 12^th December, 2018 respectively which were considered as seven treatments. It was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The plot size was 3m ´ 4m with maintaining 1 m distance from plot to plot and 1.5 m from replication to replication. Seeds of BARI Khesari-3 were sown continuously in the rows with a distance of 30cm from row to row. Urea, TSP, MoP and Boric acid @ 45-90-35-7.5 kg/ha was applied as basal dose at the time of final land preparation. No pesticides were used in this experiment. The crops received sufficient rainfall in the growing period. For collecting data of twig infestation and aphid population 20 twigs with 10 cm length were collected randomly from 2^nd and 3^rd rows in both side avoiding the border rows in each side and central four rows were kept undisturbed to collect yield data. Percent twig infestation and number of aphid per infested twig were calculated by the following formulae – % twig infestation = {(Number of twig) / (Total number of twig)} x100. Number of aphid per infested twig = (Total number of aphid in infested twig) / (Number of infested twig). At maturity, crops of central four rows of each plot was harvested and grain yield was converted into per hectare. Harvesting was done at 125 days from the respective sowing dates. All experimental data were analyzed statistically by using R software and the means were separated by DMRT.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report-2018-2019, Entomology Division, Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishurdi, Pubna, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is concluded that the incidence and population fluctuation of grasspea aphid (Aphis craccivora) was very much dependent on the different growth stages of the crop as the late sown crop remain succulent which is preferred by the aphid population for feeding. The late sown (5^thDecember) crops received higher percentage of pest infestation and followed by crop sown (12^thDecember). Hence, for ensuring higher yield with less insect pest infestation, grasspea should be sown within the period of last week of October to third week November and the best date of sowing should be 14^th November.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings