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Variability and Character Association Study in Morphological Traits of Tossa Jute (corchorus Olitorius L.)

Anusree Ghosh
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

Bhabendra Kumar Biswas
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

Md Arifuzzaman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Tossa jute (Corchorus olitoriusL.) is the most important commercial crop of Bangladesh. Fifty-six genotypes of F₂ generation were raised at Breeding Research Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur from April 2018 to August 2019 from the parental lines O-9897, O-795, JRO-524, Acc. 2381, Acc. 3423, Acc. 3438, Acc. 3533 and Acc. 3860. The parameters, plant height (m), base diameter (mm), green bark thickness (mm), green bark weight without leaves (g), stick weight (g), fiber strength (MPa), days to flowering, days to maturity and fiber weight/stick varied significantly among the genotypes. Significant productivity was found from Acc. 3860. Green bark weight without leaves exhibited highest genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation followed by fiber weight and stick weight. The highest genetic advance as percentage of mean (44.38%) was estimated against green bark weight without leaves suggest it as a prime character that enhanced fiber and stick yields. The Acc. 3860 resulted high production of fiber in hybrids. Considering the studied characters, the F2-generation of Acc. 3860 is comparatively batter than others. The research findings suggested that the F2-generation of Accession Acc. 3860 may produce desired segregates and therefore demands farther research in different environmental conditions and field trail.

Keywords: Jute, Morphological features, Yield correlation, Path coefficient, Yield contributing characters

Location: Plant Breeding Research Field of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh .

Start Date: 00-04-2018

End Date: 00-08-2019

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

i) Assessment of diversity and similarities among the segregants; ii) Advancing the generation derived from the selected segregants

Methodology:

A set of 56 experimental hybrids of Tossa Jute from 8 Accessions/ Varieties have been raised at Plant Breeding Research Field of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. The seeds of the experimental materials were sown in well-prepared land in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The experiment was seeded on 16 April 2018. The seeds of each genotype were sown in 3 rows of 3 m long. The rows were 30 cm apart with planting space of 5-7 cm. The replication blocks were interspaced with 60 cm. The genotypes were assigned randomly to each plot within each block. The agronomic practice with fertilizer application were in accordance with normal recommendations. The field experimental site was in Plant Breeding Research Field, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. It is situated 25°13´N latitude and 88°23´E longitude at 37.5 m altitude, in the tropical climate zone, characterized by heavy rainfall during the month April to August and scanty rainfall during rest of the year; average temperatures were maximum 33 °C and minimum 12 °C and the average rainfall was 1745 cm in 2018. Major cultivation concerns were as follows: The experimental plot was at a lower elevation with high water holding capacity. The land was prepared thoroughly with 3-4 ploughing and cross ploughing followed by harrowing and laddering. The crop was fertilized with recommended doses of well decomposed cowdung (5t/ha) and fertilizers such as 100kg/ha Urea, 25kg/ha TSP and 45kg/ha MOP respectively. The whole amount of TSP, MOP and half of the amount of urea were applied at final land preparation. The remaining half urea was applied in two equal installments after first and final weeding. After germination of seed, the field was irrigated properly and, necessary soil moisture maintained throughout the crop period. A good drainage system was also ensured for immediate release of excess rainwater from the experimental field during the crop growing period. Seeds were sown on 30 April 2018. Thinning and weeding were done twice after 15 and 35 days of sowing to maintain uniform plant population. Necessary intercultural operations were performed for proper growth and development of the plants. Thinning and weeding were done simultaneously at the time of two top dressings of nitrogen. These practices were helpful to break the soil crust, to maintain uniform growth of plant population and to incorporate the nitrogen fertilizer (urea) into the soil, thus reducing the loss through denitrification. Proper control measures were taken against mite, nematode and stem rot of jute. The infested jute hairy caterpillars at larval and pupal stage were handpicked and destroyed. Crop harvesting: The sample plants of individual plots were harvested for fiber yield at 120 days from the date of sowing, which is considered as the physiologically optimum age for quality fiber (Majumdar et. al., 2013). The crop was cut at the base with the help of sickle and kept separately. The other details of materials and methods are described in the relevant of the specific experiments. The experiment was conducted during the period from April 2018 to August 2019. The data on fiber yield and its attributes as bellow were recorded from 3 randomly selected plant of each genotypes from each replication after harvest i.e. 120 days of crop age: Plant height (m), base diameter (mm), green bark thickness (mm), green bark weight without leaves (Kg), stick weight (g), fiber strength (MPa), days to flowering, days to maturity, fiber weight (g), and fiber weight / stick .

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 2020; 18(1) 116-128

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/agric.v18i1.49464

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Thus, the result of the investigation suggests that fiber weight, base diameter, bark thickness, stick weight and Green bark weight without leaves would be the selection parameter to produce jute varieties. The Acc.-3860 resulted high production of fibers in hybrids. Considering the different aspects, it was found that the generation of P6, i.e., Acc.-3860 is comparatively batter than others. The research findings suggested that the generation of parental Accession Acc.-3860 may produce desired segregates. Thus, the study recommends further research on Acc.-3860 in different environmental conditions and field trail.

Knowledge Management: Journal