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Physio-morphological Study of Betel Vine (piper Betle L.) Cultivars Available in Bangladesh

Md Hafizur Rahman
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Cumilla, Bangladesh

Md Rafiqul Islam
Dept. of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

FM Aminuzzaman
Dept. of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abdul Latif
Dept. of Entomology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Habibur Rahman
Dept. of Plant Pathology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted during March, 2016 to March, 2017 in a baroj of experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Thirteen betel vine cultivars designated as PB 001 through PB 013 were collected from different locations of Bangladesh and found remarkable variations in vegetative growth, morphological features, yield and yield attributes. The betel vine cultivars varied in vine elongation (37.46 – 50.34 cm per month), increase in internode length (6.75 – 10.08 cm per month) and vine girth (0.445 - 0.747 cm per year). The leaf length (17.13-27.35 cm), leaf breadth (8.33- 16.20 cm), petiole length (4.83 -11.45 cm) and petiole breadth (0.47 - 0.28 cm) remarkably varied among the cultivars. Fresh weight of 100-petiole, 100-leaves, and dry matter content were 50.07 - 165.74 g, 289.38 - 565.25 g and 12.57 - 14.49%, respectively in different cultivars. Leaf number per meter vine (9.46 - 15.38) and leaf number per plant per year (50.16 - 78.44) were also varied among the cultivars. The highest annual per hectare yield was obtained from BARI Pan-1 (23.82 t) and PB 006 (23.46 t). Variations were also existed among the cultivars in vine colour, leaf colour, leaf shape, leaf tip, leaf softness and pungency of leaf of cultivars. No pungency of leaf was found in cultivars PB 006 (Misti pan). So, PB 006 (Misti pan) was seemed to be a better cultivar/germplasm in respect of yield and quality of betel leaf.

Keywords: Betel vine, Morphological features, Yield, Physio-morphological Study

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-03-2016

End Date: 00-03-2017

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Betel leaf

Objectives:

To screen out suitable cultivars/germplasm for better yield and quality of betel leaf in the country.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted during March, 2016 to March, 2017. A total of 13 betel vine cultivars were collected from different betel vine growing areas of Bangladesh. Apparently healthy vines of different betel vine cultivars/variety were used to prepare cuttings. The experiment was conducted in-vivo in earthen pots placed in betel vine baroj. About 40 cm long cutting with five nodes were grown singly in 14 inches diameter earthen pot. The pots were placed inside a baroj of experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka and allowed to grow with necessary care and management. Potting medium was prepared by mixing soil, sand and well decomposed cow- dung in a proportion of 2:1:1 and were sterilized by formaldehyde. Formalin solution (4%) @ 200 ml/cft soil was mixed with the soil heap and the soil was covered with a polythene sheet for 48 hours and kept uncovered for 7 days. After 7 days, the surface sterilized earthen pots were filled with sterilized soil (Dashgupta, 1988). One to two internodes below the bud point were dipped into the soil and the vine fastened with bamboo sticks of baroj. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications. Data were recorded on vegetative growth, yield and yield attributing parameters of betel vine. The data were statistically analyzed by a computer package “Statistix 10”. Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT) was done for comparison of various treatment means (Gomez and Gomez, 1983).

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 2020; 18(1) 56-65

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/agric.v18i1.49459

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Variation was existed among 13 betel vine cultivars in terms of growth, yield, and yield attributes. The cultivar PB 006 (Misti pan) and PB 009 (BARI Pan-1) produced significantly higher yield as 23.77 t/ha and 23.82 t/ha, respectively. No pungency of leaf was found in the cultivar PB 006 (Misti pan) which seemed to be better germplasm for yield and quality though the cultivar PB 005 was better in respect of highest leaf number (78.44) and dry matter (13.83%) production.

Knowledge Management: Journal