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Appraisal of Different Doses of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Eggplant (solanum Melongena L.)

Israt Jahan Keya
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali - 3814, Bangladesh

Mohammad Shafiqul Islam
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali - 3814, Bangladesh

Md. Morshedul Islam
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali - 3814; Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh

Belayet Hossain
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali - 3814; Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Nitrogenous fertilizer could improve the growth, yield and yield contributing characters of eggplant. The present investigation was aimed to find out the effects of different doses of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) which was conducted at Noakhali Science and Technology University during November, 2018 to March, 2019. The experiment comprises on eggplant local variety named ‘Tal begun’. There were four treatments of urea viz., 0, 12, 21 and 30 g urea pot^-1 and the experiment were laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Different parameters were undertaken for the study like plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight (g). The variety showed significant variation for different doses. Among all treatments, 30 g urea pot^-1 showed highest vegetative characteristics such as plant height (49.67 cm), number of leaves per plant (32.67), number of branches per plant (7.33) at 60 DAT and lowest vegetative characteristics was found from 0 g urea pot^-1. On the other hand, the application of 21 g urea pot^-1 showed medium vegetative characteristics and highest reproductive characteristics such as number of flowers per plant (6.67), number of fruits per plant (6.67), individual fruit weight (138.67 g). Therefore, the results showed that, nitrogen fertilizer strongly influenced vegetative and reproductive characteristics of eggplant. The findings of this study suggested that 21 g urea pot^-1 performed the best and it will be suitable for eggplant production.

Keywords: Eggplant, Growth and yield, Nitrogenous fertilizer, Urea

Location: Agriculture department, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 15-11-2018

End Date: 31-03-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Brinjal

Objectives:

To evaluate of different doses of nitrogen requirement on vegetative growth, yield and yield contributing characters of eggplant variety namely ‘Tal begun’ for on-season production.

Methodology:

Experimental design- The experiment was carried out during the period from 15th November, 2018 to 31st March, 2019 at net house of Agriculture department, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh. The climate of the experimental area was temperate in nature. The soil was sandy loam in texture to slightly saline which pH was 7.5-8.3. Local variety ‘Tal begun’ is used in this experiment and the experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. In this experiment there were four treatments of urea viz., T₁ (0 g pot^-1), T₂ (12 g pot^-1), T₃ (21 g pot^-1), and T₄ (30 g pot^-1). Urea was applied to the pot in three equal splits at 10, 30 and 50 days after transplanting. Eggplant cultivation practices- Eggplant seedlings were raised in two seedbeds of 3.0 m × 1.0 m size. The soil was well prepared and all weeds as well as stubbles were removed from the seedbeds and well rotten cow dung was mixed with the soil. In each seedbed seeds were sown on 15 November, 2018. After sowing, seeds were covered with light soil. The emergence of the seedlings took place with 6 to 7 days after sowing. The soil used for pot preparation was exposed the sun for a week. After that, the soil mixed with organic manure and kept the material for 1-2 weeks for stabilized the organic matter with soil. Then the pot was filled with soil mixture as lightly and fluffy for provide plenty of space for air and moisture move through the soil and also good root initiation. Then the pot was placed in a spot where they received at least six hours of sun. 30 days old seedlings were transplanted to the pot. The pot size was (20 × 22) cm. Intercultural operations was done when necessary. Collection of data- Data on the following parameters were recorded from the experimental pot. The height of each plant was measured (cm) from the base of the plant to the apex with a tape measure. Height of the eggplants were recorded at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after transplanting. Randomly selected branches of eggplants were used for the measurement of leaves number per plant at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after transplanting. The number of branches per plant was recorded at 30, 45 and 60 days after transplanting. The number of flowers per plant was recorded at 50, 60, and 70 days after transplanting. The number of fruits per plant was recorded at 75, 85, and 95 days after transplanting. The individual fruit weight (g) was done at 110 days after trans- planting. All of the data were recorded by counting through eye estimation. Statistical analysis- The recorded data on the different parameters of the study were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (Version 25, Chicago, IL, USA) and Microsoft Office Excel 2013 to find out the significance of the difference among the treatments. The analysis was performed by F-test and means were compared by Least Significant Different (LSD) test at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 5(4): 452-456 (2020)

Article Link (Online Journal): doi https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.050403

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the result it was found that nitrogen significantly affected plant vegetative characteristics and reproductive characteristics. Excess nitrogen application increased vegetative characteristics and decreased the reproductive characteristics. Fertilization with 21 g urea pot^-1 resulted in the medium vegetative growth with better yield than the other treatments, while the lowest yield was found from 0 g urea pot^-1. Hence, the present study results showed that, 21 g urea pot^-1 performed the best for eggplant production. However, fertilizer recommendation in future should be location, site and variety specific and further study should be continued in different seasons and agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh for better production.

Knowledge Management: Journal