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Fish Sanctuary as a Sustainable Management Tool for Recovering Fish Biodiversity, Production and Livelihood: a Case Study on Halti Beel Tank Sanctuary, Bangladesh

Md. Abu Bakar Siddique
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi - 6205, Bangladesh

Muhammad Afzal Hussain
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi - 6205, Bangladesh

Mohammad Manjurul Alam
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi - 6205, Bangladesh

Md. Ayenuddin Haque
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi - 6205, Bangladesh

Fawzia Adib Flowra
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi - 6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fish sanctuary is a common tool for retrieving fisheries diversity in a threatened aquatic ecosystem. The present study highlighted a case study on sustainable management of Halti Beel tank sanctuary, Bangladesh (a part of Chalan Beel) established for the betterment of fisheries and fishermen community. The study was conducted for a period of 6 months from July to December 2017. Both primary and secondary data was used for a comparison before and after effects of Halti Beel tank sanctuary considering three parameters viz., fisheries diversity, production trends and socio-economic condition of fishermen community. During the study period, diversity in both native and exotic fish species (71) were increased where 62 species were native and 9 were exotic under 26 families of 11 orders. This number (71) was observed 97.22% higher than the number of species before declaring Halti Beel tank as fish sanctuary. Recovery rate was observed highest for the order Siluriformes (11) and the lowest for Channiformes (1). Cypriniformes was the most diversified order with 24 species (18 native and 6 exotic species). The observed data showed a dramatic increase in fish production from 8.77 to 37.50 metric ton within four fiscal years whereas the gradual production trend was recorded 10.12, 29.47, 35.10 and 37.50 metric ton, respectively in the year 2013-2014, 2014- 2015, 2014-2015 and 2016-2017. The study was also showed a satisfactory improvement in financial and housing assets as socio-economic status of fishermen community involved in the management of Halti Beel tank sanctuary.

Keywords: Chalan Beel, Fish diversity, Fish retrieval, Halti Beel, Sanctuary

Location: Noldanga Upazila Fisheries Office (Department of Fisheries, DoF), Noldanga, Natore.

Start Date: 00-07-2017

End Date: 00-12-2017

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Income generation

Objectives:

The present study were to evaluate the recovery status of fish species by a before-after comparison, to determine the effect of sanctuary based on trends of fish production and finally to discover the socio-economic improvement of fishermen lead their livelihood on fishing.

Methodology:

Location of the study area- The studied fish sanctuary was located in the Halti Beel tank (24° C.48'N 89°.03?E) of Piprul Union established by Noldanga Upazila Fisheries Office (Department of Fisheries, DoF), Noldanga, Natore. Halti Beel is one of the largest depressions of Chalan Beel area spread over a wide area of Piparul, Khajurah, Madhanagar and Brahakpur Union of Noldanga Upazila of Natore district. From July to December 2017, the Beel area becomes submerged into 5 to 8 feet of water. Halti Beel is famous for breeding places of native fisheries species. During winter months, the deepest part of the Halti Beel is declared as a fish sanctuary and managed by Department of Fisheries (DoF) under CBFM. Halti Beel fish sanctuary has been established in the `L’ shaped Hatti Beel Tank. It is a permanent fish sanctuary. Upazila Fisheries Office (DoF), Noldanga was excavated this tank in 2012 which having an area of 15.78 ha. However, among the total area, the area of fish sanctuary was 1.00 ha. Data collection- Data regarding fish species diversity and abundance was collect- ed fortnightly. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected for this study using semi-structure questionnaire, focus group discussion, personal observation and fish catch monitoring. Commercially harvested fisheries species in permitted area outside of fish sanctuary were considered as source of primary data. Followed by catching, fisheries species were identified based on their morphometric and meristic characters following Talwar and Jhingran (1991), Rahman (2005) and Rahman et al. (2009). After identification, fishes were systematically classified according to Nelson (2006). Measurement in weight was taken to find out the production status of fisheries species. Secondary data were collected from journal articles, textbooks, and reports of the Department of Fisheries (DoF), Noldanga, Natore. Data regarding fish production and diversity status before the declaration of Halti Beel tank as a fish sanctuary were collected from Upazila Fisheries Office (UFO), Noldanga, Natore, who are responsible for regular assessment of the existing condition of production and fisheries diversity status of the studied area of the Beel. Data collection on socio-economic study- 190 fishermen involved in the management of Halti Beel Tank fish sanctuary were selected for socio-economic study. A planned questionnaire was developed containing both the closed and open-ended query to collect through face-to-face interview with respondents. The questionnaire was pretested and revised according to the feedback gained in the field level. The questionnaire was formed to obtain the relevant information on financial status and housing condition of the selected fishermen. Again, the secondary data from Upazila Fisheries Office (UFO), Noldanga, Natore were taken to collect pervious data of the respondent. Data analysis- Data collected during the study period were coded, summarized and processed for analysis. These data were verified to eliminate all possible errors and inconsistencies. The analysis of collected data was mainly based on tabular description technique. Tabular technique was applied for the analysis of data by using simple statistical tools like average, percentage and graphical presentation with the help of Microsoft Excel (version 2010).

Source of Information: Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 5(4): 567-575 (2020)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.0504021

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

To prevent the extinction of existing fisheries diversity and also in retrieving unavailable species establishment of fish sanctuary is necessary. Establishment and management of Halti Beel Tank sanctuary resulted in the retrieval of 35 (native 30 and 5 exotic species) species which become newly available in the sanctuary area. Moreover, proper management of this sanctuary increased 327.59% fish production from the year 2013-2014 to 2016-2017. Besides, positive changes were being noticed in case of socio-economic condition of the involved fishermen.

Knowledge Management: Journal