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Diversity of Fish Fauna in Kusiara River (fenchungonj Upazilla), Northeast Bangladesh

MOHAMMAD AMZAD HOSSAIN*
Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100,Bangladesh.

MARIYA AKTER
Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100,Bangladesh.

MOHAMMED MAHBUB IQBAL
Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A twelve-month study was conducted from July 2015 to June 2016 on fish biodiversity status of Kusiara River, Bangladesh. Regular sampling was done by using different gears and in addition, fishes were also collected from local markets and identified in vitro. A total of 74 fish species were reported belonging to 23 taxonomic families. Among them Cyprinidae were 38%, Siliuridae 15%,Cobitidae 7%, belonidae 4%, Hemiraphidae 4%, Heteropneustidae 4%, Gobidae 3%, Channidae3%, Claridae 3%, Chiclidae 2%, Osprenidae 2%, Ambasiidae 2%, Bagridae 2% and others 1% each.The H ? was found to be oscillated from 2.07 to 2.41. The highest value for richness index was 7.43 and lowest 2.78. The peak evenness ranges between 0.99-1.15. The maximum dominance value was 6.62 and a minimum 4.22. Fish fauna was found in aggregative distribution occupying dispersion index fluctuating between 22.87 to 9.92.

Keywords: Diversity indices, Fish fauna, Kusiara River

Location: Kusiara River, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-07-2015

End Date: 00-06-2016

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

The livelihood of fishery communities and rural peoples are seriously compromised (Coates 1995). Biodiversity is often used as a measurement of the health of the biological system (Vyas et al., 2012). Aquatic animals are much more susceptible to environmental changes. Deviation in the biodiversity indices thus represents the health of a water body.

Methodology:

Study area and Sampling period: The study was conducted in the Fenchungonj Upazilla the most productive part in terms of fish production covering the Kusiara River in the North-Eastern region of Bangladesh. The study was conducted for a period of twelve months from July 2015 to June 2016. Sampling: Sampling involved collection from various stations with the help of fishermen using indigenous fishing methods and by using different types of nets namely gill nets, cast nets and dragnets. Fishes were also purchased from the fishermen on the spot. We also visited local fish markets located on the banks of the river to monitor and look for the presence of any species which were not available during our experimental fishing. Identification and quantification of the fishes: Harvested fishes from the study area were identified based on their morphometric and meristics following Bhuiyan (1964), Rahman (1989) and Talwar and Jhingran (1991). After identification, fish species were systematically classified according to Nelson (2006). Number of the individual of species, total number of species and a total number of the individual has been recorded. The following formula was used for counting the fish species which were very small to count: N=Wt /(Ws*Ns)(Iqbal et al 2015); Where Wt = total weight of small fish found, Ws= weight of subsample and Ns= Number of individual small fish in each subsample. However, species that were tricky to identify on spot were preserved in 7 to 10% buffered formalin and brought to the laboratory for further study and identification. Diversity analysis tools Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H’)H’ = - Sum [pi x log (pi)] (Shannon and Weaver, 1949); Where, H’ = Shannon-Weaver index, Pi = ni/N, ni = no. of individuals of a species, N = Total number of individuals.Margalef species richness (d)d = (S-1)/log (N) (Margalef, 1968); Where, S = Total species, N = Total individuals Pielou’s evenness index (J’)J=H(s)/H(max.) (Pielou, 1966); Where, H (s) = the Shannon-Weaver information function, H (max.) = the theoretical maximum value for H(s) if all species in the sample were equally abundant. Statistical analysis: All the diversity indices analyses were performed by the software R Statistics version 3.2 and formulated by Microsoft excel 2010. Data were standardized and re-evaluated to avoid error in statistical analysis.

Source of Information: J. Aqua Trop. Vol. 32, No. (1-2) 2017, Pages 1-13

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Variations on the different diversity indices are quite significant. Satisfactory value of diversity indices represent the healthy ecosystem of Kusiara River and demand quick steps to prevent excess fishing, pollution from nearby markets, human discharges and disposal of residues from fertilizer industries in the study areas.

Knowledge Management: Journal