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Length-weight Relationship and Condition Factor of 13 Fish Species Collected from the Atrai and Brahmaputra Rivers, Bangladesh

Md. Rashidul Islam*
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Md. Golam Azom
Faculty of Fisheries, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Md. Faridullah
Department of Fisheries Technology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Md. Mamun
Faculty of Fisheries, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Length-weight relationship (LWR) and condition factors (CFs) are imperative tools to discern the relative health condition of fishes. Using seine net, a total of 432 individuals (13 species) were collected from the Atari (Dinajpur) and Brahmaputra (Kurigram) Rivers of Bangladesh from January to June 2016. In LWR, isometric growth (b ≈ 3.0) was found for Amblypharyngodon mola, Lepidocephalichthys guntea and Xenentodon cancila, positive allometric growth (b < 3.0) were only recorded for Devario devario but another 9 fishes showed negative allometric growth (b > 3.0). No significant differences (p < 0.05) were scrutinized between observed body weight (BW) and standard body weight (BWs). But statistical differences (p < 0.05) were evaluated among the values of CFf (0.17±0.02-1.50±0.07) but not for BWr (99.77±1.87-101.80±3.29). Using the values of CFf and BWr, analysis of similarities (ANOSIM, p < 0.05) revealed that distances were recorded among fishes especially with X. cancila. Based on CFf and BWr values, X. cancila showed poor health condition and separated (stress < 0.01) from other fishes. A. mola, D. devario, Pethia ticto and Nandus nandus showed extended body shape (0.010 < a3.0 > 0.014) with more adaptability in these rivers than those of others. This is the first record for C. nama, D. devario and Parambasis ranga not recorded in Fish Base that would be the basis for upcoming research.

Keywords: Length-weight relationships, Growth pattern, Well-being, Stream fishes

Location: Atari (Dinajpur) and Brahmaputra (Kurigram) Rivers of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2016

End Date: 00-06-2016

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

A study was accomplished to determine the length-weight relationship (LWR) and condition factors (CFs) for some selected small indigenous fishes obtained from these rivers that would be the basis for further studies.

Methodology:

Study area and duration An experiment was conducted in the Atrai (25.924° N 88.724° E) and Brahmaputra (25.705° N 89.745° E) Rivers in Bangladesh where 13 fish species were caught monthly (by fishermen) using seine net (15 × 3.5 m², mesh size 4 mm) from January to June 2016. The collected fishes were identified in the field observing their external morphology (Rahman, 2005). Then, identified and sorted species were immediately (within 1.5 hours) transported to the laboratory using icebox. After taking all measurements, fishes were preserved with 10% formaldehyde solution. Data collection and measurements Total length (TL) was measured with a vernier caliper to the nearest 0.1 cm for each fresh individual. Observed body weights (BW) were taken with a digital balance (HD-602ND, MEGA, Japan) to the nearest 0.1 g. LWRs were estimated through the logarithmic transformation of the linear regression equation as log BW = log a + b log TL of the power function (BW = aTLb), where BW is the body weight (g), TL total length (cm) of fishes, an intercept and b slope of regression curve. The log-log plots for LWRs were exploited to eliminate the outliers (Froese, 2006). The degrees of association between variables were computed by the coefficient of determination (r2) at 95% confidence limits. To check significant differences in the values of b from 3, t-test was accomplished according to equation stated by Sokal and Rohlf (1987) as ts = (b-3)/SEb, where ts is the t-test value, b slope and SEb standard error of b. The statistical significance (p < 0.05) of the isometric exponent (b) was analyzed. A dissimilarity between obtained values of ts-test and critical values certified the decision of b values statistically and their enclosure in isometric (b = 3) or positive allometric (b > 3) or negative allometric (b < 3) growth (Islam and Mia, 2016). Besides, condition factors (CFs) were measured to recognize the health condition of these fishes from this river where Fulton’s condition factor calculated as CFf = (BW × 100)/TL3 (Fulton, 1904) and relative body weight as BWr = (BW/aTL^b) × 100 (Froese, 2006). Where, BW is observed body weight (g), TL total length (cm) while a and b are the regression parameters previously estimated from LWRs by Islam and Mia (2016). According to Froese (2006), form factor (a3.0) was estimated through an equation as a3.0 = 10 log a – S (b-3), where a and b from LWRs as regression parameters while slope, S = -1.358 reported by Froese (2006) used to estimate a3.0 by plotting log10 a vs. b because of little information on LWRs for these species. Data analysis The observed body weight (BW) of a fish specimen was compared to standard body weight (BWs = aTL^b) through a student’s t-test to know the significance variations (p < 0.05) between them. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and similarities (ANOSIM, based on Euclidean method) were tested to notice dissimilarities (p < 0.05) among fishes based on CFf and BWr values, respectively. After logarithmic transform of CFf and BWr values, two-dimensional nMDS (nonmetric multidimensional scaling) based on Euclidean’s similarity index was taken to observe the seclusion among fishes. All statistical tests were done using PAST (Paleontological statistics, version 3.10) software and Microsoft Office Excel, 2013.

Source of Information: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online) Vol. 10, No. 3, p. 123-133, 2017

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The basic information on LWRs and CFs of thirteen small indigenous fishes from the Atrai and Brahmaputra Rivers would be a necessary dataset for future studies. In this river, D. devario, P. ticto and N. nandus showed good health conditions and extended body shape with more adaptability in the Atrai and Brahmaputra rivers than others. Moreover, there was a good relationship between prey and predator representing proper habitats for the growth and breeding of these fishes. So, a sustainable fisheries resource management system would be developed to conserve these small fishes from their decline and extinction.

Knowledge Management: Journal