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Assessment of Fish Fauna in Relation to Biodiversity Indices of Chalan Beel, Bangladesh

Md. Abu Bakar Siddique
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.

Muhammad Afzal Hussain
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Fawzia Adib Flowra
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Mohammad Manjurul Alam*
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The research was carried out to enlist the fish species diversity along with diversity indices of existing fish species of Chalan Beel, Bangladesh. During the study, a total of 78 fish species including 69 native and 9 exotic fish species were recorded belonging 10 orders and 26 families. The values of the Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H') indicated a good spread of fish population in Chalan Beelalthough the number of species was not found satisfactory. The degradation of water quality due to domestic discharges, jute rotting, excessive usage of agrochemicals, indiscriminate fishing activity etc. was revealed as the causes of declining the fish diversity of this Beel. The Margalef’s richness index (d) expressed the species richness of Chalan Beelthat started in July by joining the new fish population with the existing fish species and reached gradually highest in November after breeding. Pielou’s index (J) showed the equal distribution pattern of fish species throughout the sampling area indicating a stable but incompatible habitat for existing fish species. The assessment of the study revealed the number of species was not found in the expected level in view of the overall fish biodiversity of the country. Considering the observations, it is recommended for stopping water pollution, ensuring normal water flow and developing awareness of fishermen to retrieve the fish diversity of the study area. Besides, an inclusive management and conservation scheme is a crying need for the Beelfishery to enrich the fish species diversity of the Chalan Beelas well as the country.

Keywords: Fish Fauna, Shannon-Weiner, Margalef’s richness, Pielou’s index

Location: Areas of Chalan Beel

Start Date: 00-01-2015

End Date: 00-12-2015

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To enlist the fish species diversity along with diversity indices of existing fish species of Chalan Beelto make some recommendations for its proper management and conservation.

Methodology:

Duration and location of the study: The study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2015 to enlist fish species diversity and to calculate fish species diversity indices based on four main Sampling Areas of Chalan Beel. The biodiversity indices were calculated based on the fishing duration and fishing activity of the Beelfrom July to December. The geographical positions of the four Sampling Areas are mentioned here as Sampling Area-1 (24°28'N, 89°14'E), Sampling Area-2 (24°39'N, 88°49'E), Sampling Area-3 (24°10'N,89°20'E) and Sampling Area-4 (24°36'N, 89°37'E). Sampling procedure:Both field and fish landing center-based survey was carried out for collecting and enlisting fish species diversity fortnightly. Fish species were collected from fishermen who use traditional fishing gear, nets and traps such as seine net (length, width and mesh size was 12.20m, 1.25m and 0.5cm), lift net (length, width and mesh size was 45cm, 5m and 0.5cm), Bitti (length, width and height was 45cm, 15cm and 35cm) and Dohair (length, width and height was 45cm, 25cm and 40cm) for sampling the biodiversity indices. The fishing nets operation time was considered for the morning (4.00 to 6.30 AM) where one attempt of fishing was counted one sampling for seine net and 10 hauls counted as one sampling for lift net. Traps (Bitti and Dohair) were set up overnight which counted one sampling. Fish species collection and identification: Specimens of recorded fish were collected from study areas and then identified based on the morphometric and meristics characteristics following Talwar and Jhingran (1991) and Rahman (2005). Identified species were preserved in 10% buffered formalin solution in leveled plastic jars. The abundance (VC=Very Common, C=Common, R=Rare and VR= Very Rare) and seasonal availability status of fish species (M=Monsoon, PM=Post Monsoon, W=Winter and AS=All Season) were categorized based on the catch records and interview of 336 fishermen from studied areas. Analysis of data: Descriptive analysis and graphical presentation of data were carried out using Microsoft Excel (version 2010). Biodiversity indices were calculated using PAST (Paleontological Statistics) and SPSS (Statistical Analysis for Social Sciences, version 20) software.

Source of Information: Int.J.Aquat.Biol.(2016)4(5):345-352 ISSN: 2322-5270; P-ISSN: 2383-0956

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Conclusion: Bangladesh is one of the diversified countries with respect to freshwater fish species (260) in the world. Only 69 native fish species were recorded from Chalan Beel which representing the overall fish biodiversity status of Chalan Beelindicating a question mark in respect of the number of total species. The value of H'indicating good spread of fish population in entire Chalan Beelas well as poor water quality that may cause by the domestic discharge, excessive uses of insecticides and pesticides in the cultivation of the Beeland adjacent lands. On the other hand, indiscriminate and excessive fishing is one of the major causes for declining the native fish species from this Beel. A good management and conservation scheme is badly recommended to enrich the species diversity of this prominent water body of the country.

Knowledge Management: Journal