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Prevalence of Diseases in Naga Chilli at Sylhet Region

N Jahan
MS Student,Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science

F Begum, A Muqit and MAU Doullah
Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet,Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Naga chilli (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) is one of the most important spice crops in the Sylhet region. The present investigation was conducted at different farmer’s field in the Sylhet region to assess the disease status and cultivated areas of Naga chilli. It is cultivated in Jaintiapur, Biswanath, Kamalgonj, Bahubal area of greater Sylhet region. In the present study Jaintiapur, Biswanath and Kamalgonj areas were widely investigated. Six diseases were recorded on Naga chilli. These are leaf blight, wilt, dieback, stem rot, mosaic and leaf curl.Leaf blight and wilt were most prevalent in the field. Although large variation was found in disease incidence but severity level did not show much variation. Leaf blight showed the highest incidence (19.56%) compared to other diseases like wilt (17.71%), dieback (10%), leaf curl (3.33%), mosaic (10%) and the lowest was in stem rot (1%). In the early vegetative stage the prevalent diseases were leaf blight, wilt, mosaic, dieback, leaf curl and stem rot. In the late vegetative stage and fruiting stage leaf blight, wilt, leaf curl, dieback, mosaic diseases were mostly prevalent in the field. In Jaintiapur field the prevalent diseases were leaf blight, dieback, wilt, mosaic, leaf curl and stem rot. Mosaic, dieback and leaf blight diseases were mostly prevalent in farmer’s field of Biswanath and Kamalgonj. To manage the diseases in the field farmers applied mostly Mancozeb, Sulfur fungicide, Triazole and Carbamate fungicides and sometimes they also applied micronutrient in the field to overcome diseases.

Keywords: Naga chilli, mosaic, disease incidence, disease severity, survey

Location: Different farmer’s field in Jaintiapur, Biswanath and Moulvibazar

Start Date: 01-12-2017

End Date: 11-05-2018

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Diseases, Chilli

Objectives:

Therefore, information on the disease status of this crop is urgently needed. It will help farmers to increase yield and production of unblemished fruits. In view of above facts, the present study was undertaken to know the area of Naga chilli cultivation in the Sylhet region and to know the disease status of Naga chilli.

Methodology:

The present experiment was carried out at different farmer’s field in Jaintiapur, Biswanath and Moulvibazar.The survey was conducted in selected Naga chilli cultivation areas from December 2017 to May 2018. Most of the plants were at fruit bearing stage during the survey. Selected plants (randomly 100 plants were selected/field) were inspected in an orderly manner, by walking around their perimeter examining the shoots, leaves and fruits for the symptoms of diseases. Also leaves and fruit that were fallen to the ground and the foliage and fruit in between trees for obvious unusual symptoms were observed. In each site at least three fields with each minimum 10 decimal size were chosen randomly for data collection. Data were collected for disease symptoms, severity, stage of the crop etc. For one location (Jaintapur) data were collected from early vegetative stage, flowering stage and fruiting stage. For other locations only one visit was performed. Disease incidence and disease severity was calculated according to the following formulae (Singh 2002)

Disease Incidence (%) =

Disease Severity or PDI =

0-5 scale was followed for the calculation of PDI where 0= No disease, 1= 1-20%, 2= 21-40%, 3= 41-60%, 4= 61-80% and 5= 81-100% damage of the tissue (leaf, stem etc).

Source of Information: Journal of Sylhet Agricultural University, Volume 5, Number 2, 2018, Pages 135-140

Article Link (Online Journal): www.jsau.com.bd

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Naga chilli is found to be cultivated widely in Jaintiapur, Biswanath, Kamalgonj and Bahubal areas of greater Sylhet region. From the field survey it is found that at least six diseases like leaf blight, wilt, dieback, stem rot, mosaic and leaf curl are prevalent in Naga chilli. In the early stages of crop growth mostly fungal diseases are found but in the later stages viral diseases are predominant. Extensive survey for another one or two seasons are required to get an actual picture of the field. However, farmers use various pesticides or chemicals to prevent the crop loss from diseases. Indiscriminate use of such chemicals is causing pollution and loss to the farmers. Therefore, experiments are needed on disease management of Naga chilli to give proper suggestion to the farmers.

Knowledge Management: Journal