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Guidelines for Freshwater Pond Management in Bangladesh

Ibrahim Rashid
Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Mahmudul Hasan Mithun
MS StudentDepartment of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The pond aquaculture sector in Bangladesh expands rapidly. Total fish production from pond aquaculture increasing day by day. Bangladesh ranks fifth in aquaculture production and becomes fourth in tilapia production in the world. Total fish production in Bangladesh was about 4.27 million MT in 2017-18 fiscal years and the pond aquaculture production was about 1.9 million MT which contributes about 44.43% of the total fisheries production in 2017-18. That means pond aquaculture contributes a lot to Bangladesh's fisheries sectors. For getting proper outcome from the pond aquaculture some basic guidelines should be followed during pre-stocking, stocking, and post stocking management of freshwater pond. Firstly, ponds should be prepared properly before stocking fish seeds like aquatic weeds and predators should be eradicated with properly constructed pond bottom and dike and then liming and fertilization should be done for making a better culture environment for fish. Good quality fish seed should be sock to the pond and feeding should be done properly. Periodic sampling for examining the proper growth and any disease infestation that occurs should be done. Liming and fertilization should be done after stocking fish seeds if needed. Harvesting and marketing of fish should be done by considering some factors to get good profit.

Keywords: Pond Aquaculture, Present Status, Pre-Stocking, Stocking, Post Stocking, Management, Bangladesh.

Location: Department of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Pond

Objectives:

In this paper, scientific guidelines of freshwater pond management are stated by which a fish farmer can be scientifically practiced pond aquaculture.

Methodology:

2. Present Status of the Fisheries Sector in Bangladesh is broadly divided into three sub-sectors: inland capture, inland culture, and marine fisheries (DoF, 2018). The inland fishery is further divided into two subsectors: the inland capture fishery and inland culture fishery. The total fish production in 2017-18 was about 4276641 MT, on which total inland capture fisheries production was 1216539 MT, total inland culture fisheries production was 2405415 MT and the total marine fish production was about 654687 MT which indicates inland culture fisheries production is about double than the inland capture fisheries and 3.5 times than the marine fisheries production(DoF, 2018). The total inland fisheries production from both capture and culture is about 3621954 MT on which pond aquaculture itself contributes about 1900298 MT which is about 44.43% of the total fisheries production in 2017–2018 of Bangladesh (DoF, 2018). Among different sectors of inland culture fisheries production, pond aquaculture contributes several folds more than the other sectors. The shrimp aquaculture contributes about 254367 MT and then the seasonal culture contributes about 216353 MT in inland culture fisheries production and the contribution of other cultural sectors are so negligible. 3. Freshwater Pond ManagementFor culturing fish in the pond, there are usually three stages of management:? Pre stocking management? Stocking management? Post-stocking management3.1 Pre-Stocking ManagementAs pre-stocking management practice, the ponds should be dewatered completely and therefore the bottom should be sun-dried so that the pond is often cleared off the undesirable weeds, predatory and weed fishes also as insects and crustaceans. When complete draining isn't possible, the following steps should be followed.3.1.1 Removal of Aquatic Weeds and Construction of The Pond Dike and Pond BottomBalanced biomass of submerged vegetation and algal growth is requisite for the ecosystem of a composite culture pond. Excessive infestation is harmful. Clearance of weeds is the primary consideration just in case of the reclamation of old ponds for fish culture. Water hyacinth, ipomoea, sedges, rushes, lotus, lilies, Italia, Vallisneria, pistia, Salvinia, other aquatic grass, and planktonic and filamentous algae are the main menace to fish culture ponds. Ponds should be kept free from these aquatic weeds. Predatory animals can take shelter in the bushes, aquatic weeds and they can predate fishes from the pond. There are usually two methods of eradication of aquatic weeds like physical method (manual or mechanical) and chemical method. When aquatic vegetation is scanty and scattered or the water body is small, weeds are often removed by handpicking or uprooting. Mechanical winches can also be used for cutting dense submerged weed. If the water body is large with a heavy infestation is often cleared by applying chemical weedicides. Dead weeds generally calm down to rock bottom and decompose.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research; Vol. 2, No. 2; 2020ISSN2687-850X E-ISSN2687-8518

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.46281/bjmsr.v2i2.645

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The fisheries sector is the most emerging and potential sector in Bangladesh. It has a great contribution to livelihood development and nutrition for rural people of Bangladesh. But in some cases, the immense potential of this sector has remained largely unutilized due to ignorance of such potential resources and lack of technical knowledge in this respect in Bangladesh. Nevertheless, proper aquaculture system design, good stocking, and water quality management are essential to successful and quality fish production. Consequently, maintaining a good cultural environment through the use of proper management practices will reduce the risk of disease and increase production, fish quality, and marketability. Therefore, it is essential to implement and follow good aquaculture management practices to ensure quality and quantity yield. Aquaculture business is viable in Bangladesh from all indications but needs more efforts from the both public and government to increase its local production to bridge the gap between the fish demand and supply in the country.

Knowledge Management: Journal