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Ecto- Parasitism in Juvenile Indian Major Carps of Different Fish Farms of Mymensingh

D. R. Das
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Floodplain Sub station, Santaher, Bogra

S. Majumder
Department of Agricultural Statistics

K. J. Chandra
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was made on the ecto-parasitism of juvenile carps of Mymensingh region. Eight farms, four Government (Govt.) and four Private (Pvt.) fish farms were investigated for Indian major carps (Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus cirrhosus) (Catla, Rui and Mrigal) during June, 2010 to May, 2012. Monthly samplings were carried out with 5 fish from each species and each farms. Altogether 2880 fish hosts were examined of which 1674 were found to be infested with different groups of parasites during the study period. The ectoparasites were very common in gill, skin, mouth cavity, muscle, base of the pelvic, pectoral, anal, caudal fin and body surface of all fishes. Eleven species of protozoan, thirteen species of monogeneans and two species of argulus were recorded. The risk of being infected by parasites in carps significantly (p<0.001) increased when the water quality parameters have deteriorated. Prevalence (%), mean intensity and abundance were found to be species-specific and also varied with seasons and management systems practiced by different farmers. Prevalence (%) of ecto-parasites in carps was significantly (p< 0.001) higher in Pvt. farm than that of Govt. farms and was significantly (p< 0.01) higher in the rainy season. Rui was more susceptible than Catla and Mrigal.

Keywords: Ecto-parasites, Infestations, Fish farms and Indian major carps

Location: Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

The study of fish parasites is one of the significant and priority areas. Considering the above facts, the present investigation was undertaken to identify parasitic pathogens and their nature of the position in juvenile farmed fishes.

Methodology:

In total 2880 fish hosts of Catla, Rui and Mrigal were investigated in eight fish farms, 4 Government and 4 Private fish farms for examination during 24 months from June 2010 to May 2012. To observe the seasonal infestation, only distinct seasons were used which included the rainy season, winter season and summer in the experimental period The experimental fishes were sampled regularly by visiting the experimental ponds. Samplings were carried out from the farms at monthly intervals. During each sampling, 5 fishes from each species were collected in every pond with the help of seine net. The collected infested fishes were brought live to the Fish Disease Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, BAU by water containing in bucket. Most of the ectoparasites were recorded from the different parts of the fish body like pelvic, pectoral, anal, caudal regions, skin, gill regions, body surface, muscle and mouth cavity. In the laboratory, fishes were killed by a blow on the head and only a little portion of the infested part of different regions was removed into petridish containing water and gently scrapped to dislodge live ectoparasites (protozoans, monogeneans and argulus). They were removed onto clear slides with a fine pipette in a drop of water and covered with coverslip. Ammonium picrate solution was added beneath the coverslip to fix and clear the parasites. Four corners of the coverslips were then sealed with sealant to prevent it from moving. Then the slides were marked by a marker pen according to probable protozoans or monogenetic trematodes. Protozoans, monogenetic and Argulus were identified up to species whenever possible. Though it was most difficult to identify the myxosporidian protozoans with cyst but tried to identify only on the basis of its cyst morphology. Ten processed specimens were selected for measurement. Some microscopic photographs were taken by a camera attached to the microscope. The measurements were taken with the help of an ocular micrometer adjusted with a stage micrometer and the microscope (Gussev, 1976; Chandra, 2008). Statistical analysis Prevalences of different ectoparasites were computed by the following formula (Thrusfield, 1995): Chi-square and normal tests had been performed for testing the significance of the variation in prevalences of ectoparasites, seasons and farms (Gupta, 2005). Comparison of two prevalences was made by normal test and chi-square test was used for examining the existence of overall significant differences among more than two prevalences, but their multiple comparisons were done by Tukey-type test (Zar, 2003). In Tukey-type test, prevalences were transformed by the following arcsin transformation formula (Zar, 2003) due to its preference by many researchers:

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2016). 14 (2): 257-262 ISSN: 1729-7893 (Print), 2308-0922 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded from the present investigation that juvenile indian major carps can be infested by ecto-parasites throughout the year and they have a continuous process of recruitment and infection to host fish with certain variations in different seasons, farms and species of the year. The ectoparasites were very common in gill, skin, mouth cavity, muscle, base of the pelvic, pectoral, anal, caudal fin and body surface of all fishes. Private farm owners used haphazardous types of management practices and were found more infestations. Ecto-parasitic infestations were more severe in Rui. As the host seems to be more susceptible during the rainy season, proper care may be taken including natural feeding to prevent their infestations during this period for susceptible carp culture.

Knowledge Management: Journal