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Development of Bio-rational Based Disease Management Package Against Root Knot Nematode and Powdery Mildew Diseases of Cucurbits During Kharif Season

MD. IQBAL FARUK
PSO
Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Root knot nematode infested field soils were treated with different treatment viz. soil amendment with Trichoderma based Tricho-composts in combination with chemical nematicide Furadan 5G and alternative foliar application with Bordeaux mixture and Sulpher fungicide, soil amendment with mustard oil cake with chemical nematicide Furadan 5G and alternative foliar application with Bordeaux mixture and Sulpher fungicide and saw dust burning with chemical nematicide Furadan 5G in soil and alternative foliar application with Bordeaux mixture and Sulpher fungicide and also integration of soil amendment with Tricho-composts and foliar application with Tricho-spores. It was revealed that all the treatments gave appreciable reduction of powdery mildew disease and root knot gall development on roots and increased plant growth parameters such as shoot and root growth as well as yield of pumpkin, white gourd, cucumber and ridge gourd. Among the treatments, integration of Tricho-compost-2 with Furadan 5G and Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide or/and integrtation of MOC with Furadan 5G and Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide or/and integration Tricho-compost-1 with Furadan 5G and Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide or/and integration SDB with Furadan 5G and Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide are the best treatment for thr management of powdery mildew and root knot nematode diseases and increasing plant growth parameters as well as yield of pumpkin, white gourd, cucumber and ridge gourd. Integration of Tricho-compost-2 with Tricho-spores and Tricho-compost-1 with Tricho-spores are only effective against root knot nematode disease and also and increasing plant growth parameters as well as yield of pumpkin, white gourd, cucumber and ridge gourd.

Keywords: Cucurbits, Root- knot nematodes, Powdery mildew, Tricho-compost

Location:

Start Date: 00-00-2019

End Date: 00-00-2020

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Nematodes, Cucurbit

Objectives:

To develop bio-rational based integrated management packages of root knot nematode and powdery mildew diseases cucurbits in the field

Methodology:

There were 8 treatments viz. (i) Tricho-compost-1 @ 2 kg/pit + + Tricho-spores (ii) Tricho-compost-2 @ 2 kg/pit + + Tricho-spores (iii) Tricho-compost-1 @ 2 kg/pit + Furadan 5 G @ 15-20 g/pit + Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide (iv) Tricho-compost-2 @ 2 kg/pit + Furadan 5 G @ 15-20 g/pit + Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide (v) Mustard oil cake @ 1 kg/pit + Furadan 5 G @ 15-20 g/pit + Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide (vi) Saw dust burning + Furadan 5 G @ 15-20 g/pit + Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide (vii) Farmers practices. The unit pit size was 2 m x 2 m. RCB design was followed with 4 replications. Trichoderma inoculum (bioderma) was collected from Ispahani Agro Tech. and used to mass multiplication in vermin-compost and it’s designated as Tricho-compost-1. T. harzianum isolates collected and isolated previously in Plant Pathology Division was multiplied in the mixture of Grasspea and wheat bran with mustard oilcake substrates. The formulated Trichoderma was used to mass multiplication in vermin-compost and it is designated as Tricho-compost-2. Tricho-composts were added @ 2 kg/pit 5 days before seed sowing and mixed properly with soil and kept 5 days for Trichoderma establishement in soil. Mustard oil cake was applied two weeks before seed sowing. After application, mustard oil cake was properly mixed with the soil and kept moist for proper decomposition. In case of saw dust burning, 6 cm thick layer of dry saw dust cover with pit soil and burned the soil properly. After burning the ash were mixed with the soil. Seeds of were sown in the pit soils and each pit received ten seeds. . After 45-50 days seed sowing, 2 seedlings were kept in each pit and the rest of the seedlings from each pit was uprooted carefully without disturb the root system for data recording.

Data collection: Data on plant height, plant weight, root length, root weight and yield were recorded. Gall index was recorded following 0-10 scale (Zeck, 1971). Powdery mildew diseases severity was recorded 10-15 days after the last spray and the percent diseases index was calculated by Khrishna Prasad et al. (1979) as follows:

∑ Class rating × Class frequency

PDI = × 100

Total no of leaves graded × Maximum rating scale

The data on diseases incidence of powdery mildew of Pumpkin could be rated following a 0-4 scale (Husain and Akram 1999), where 0= healthy or no infection (R), 1= slight infection, fine coating of powdery growth on upper leaves , stem free from powdery mass (MR), 2= moderately infection ,nearly 50% plant is covered powdery mass, stem also infected (MS), 3= nearly 50% leaves infected, whole plants is covered with powdery mass, stem also infected (S) and 4= all leaves as well as stem and other parts coated with thick powdery mass, leaf colour changes to grayish and starts drying (HS). Data were analyzed by MSTATC program. The treatment effects were compared following least significant difference (LSD) test (P=0.05).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2019-20, Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present study it may be concluded that integration of Tricho-compost-2 with Furadan 5G and Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide or/and integrtation of MOC with Furadan 5G and Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide or/and integration Tricho-compost-1 with Furadan 5G and Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide or/and integration SDB with Furadan 5G and Bordeaux mixture/Sulpher fungicide are the best treatment for the management of powdery mildew and root knot nematode diseases and increasing plant growth parameters as well as yield of pumpkin, white gourd, cucumber and ridge gourd. Integration of Tricho-compost-2 with Tricho-spores and Tricho-compost-1 with Tricho-spores are only effective against root knot nematode disease and also and increasing plant growth parameters as well as yield of pumpkin, white gourd, cucumber and ridge gourd.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings