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Varietal Evaluation of Potato Microtuber and Plantlet in Seed Tuber Production

Md. Sadek Hossain
Seed Distribution Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. Mofazzal Hossain
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1703, Bangladesh

M. Moynul Haque
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1703, Bangladesh

Md. Mahabubul Haque
Farm Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Md. Dulal Sarkar
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Diamant, Asterix, and Granola varieties differed significantly in foliage coverage, plant height, and yield. They produced lower graded mini tuber (67.62%, 78.16% ha−1, and 66.27% of Asterix, Granola, and Diamant varieties, resp.) as per seed rule of the National Seed Board of Bangladesh, while foliage coverage (74.38%) was the maximum in Diamant. Microtubes in field condition showed the maximum survivability, plant height, foliage coverage, number of stems plant−1, and SPAD value as well as the yield of mini tuber compared to plantlet. On the contrary, microtubes derived plants of the three varieties gave the maximum yield (20.49 t ha−1,19.12 t/ha−1, and 19.98 t ha−1of Asterix, Granola, and Diamant varieties, resp.) and it was the minimum in plants of plantlets derived from all varieties (9.50 t ha−1, 7.88 t ha−1,and9.70tha−1of Asterix, Granola, and Diamant varieties, resp.). Microtubes derived plants produced a minimum percentage of<28 mm size of mini tuber compared to plantlet derived plants in case of all varieties.

Keywords: Varietal Evaluation, Potato, Microtuber, Plantlet, Seed Tuber Production

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during the period from November 2012 to March 2013

Start Date: 00-11-2012

End Date: 00-03-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the field performance of in vitro micro tuber in comparison with in vitro plantlets.

Methodology:

Experimental Site. The experiment was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during the period from November 2012 to March 2013. The location of the experimental site was 24.09?Nlatitudeand90.26?E longitude with an elevation of 8.2 m above sea level. 2.2. Seed Source. Diseases-free in vitro plantlets of three potato varieties, namely, Asterix, Granola, and Diamant, were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute and Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation Tissue Culture Laboratory which were prepared through meristem culture earlier. 2.3. In Vitro Multiplication of Plantlets. In vitro plantlets of three potato varieties were multiplied as per routine by subculturing of single-stem nodes at every three weeks interval for growing the explants 68-node stage for experimentation. The multiplication medium contained minerals, salts, and vitamins which were supplemented with 0.1 mg l⁻¹ Gibberellic acid (GA3), 0.01 mg l⁻¹ naphthale-neacetic acid (NAA), 4 mg l⁻¹ D-calcium pantothenate, and30 g l⁻¹ sucrose. The medium was solidified with 8 g l⁻¹ agar and pH was adjusted to 5.7 prior to autoclaving. The temperature in the growth chamber was 20±1⁰C with a 16-hour photoperiod and the light was supplied by fluorescent tubes at an intensity of 3000 Lux. 2.4. In Vitro Production of Microtuber 2.4.1. Step I. Eight stem segments (each with 3 nodes) of in vitro subcultured plantlets were again cultured in liquid medium in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing mineral salts and vitamins supplemented with 0.1 mg l⁻¹ GA3,0.01 mg l⁻¹ NAA, 4 mg l⁻¹ D-calcium pantothenate, and30 g l⁻¹ sucrose for 28 days. 2.4.2. Step II. After 28 days, the liquid media were decanted off and a 40 mL microtube induction medium based on MS medium was supplemented with 10 mg l⁻¹ benzyladenine (BA) and different concentrations of sucrose (0, 3,4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14%). Then the microtube induction cultures were incubated in the dark at 20⁰C. Allculturesin Erlenmeyer flask was closed with a cotton cap. 2.5. Harvest of Microtubes. Cultures with microtube were kept in full light after 63 days of incubation for greening. After 70 days of incubation, microtubes were harvested aseptically and washed properly and then treated with Bavistin. Those microtubes were stored in a refrigerator at 4⁰C temperature. 2.6. Propagule Preparation.21-day-old in vitro rooted plantlets were removed from culture and washed to remove agar and treated with fungicides. The plantlets were kept for48 hours in poly bags for hardening and after that plantlets were planted in the field. At the same time, fungicide treated sprouted microtubes (>250 mg) were planted in the field. Watering was done to keep the soil moist accordingly. Pseudostem of banana was used as mulch every day from9:00 am to 3:00 pm for 10 days to protect the plantlets and sprouted microtubes from direct sunshine after planting. 2.7. Treatments and Design of the Experiment. The factorial experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments were consisting of microtubes and in vitro plantlets of three varieties, namely, Asterix, Granola, and Diamant. Those were planted at 60cm×25cm spacing and the plot size was 1.8 m×2.0 m.2.8. Land Preparation and Planting of Propagules.The propagules were planted on 1 December in the field. The soil of the plot was light clay loam supplemented with well rotten cow dung. The entire doses of Ca(H2PO4)2(220 kg/ha), KCl (270 kg/ha), CaSO4⋅2H2O (120 kg/ha), ZnSO4(5 kg/ha),and 50% CO(NH2)2(180 kg/ha) were made at the time of land preparation. The remaining portion of CO(NH2)2(180 kg/ha) was side-dressed at the time of the last earthing-up[17]. Intercultural operations like earthing-up and weeding were done as and when required. The experimental plots were irrigated frequently to maintain adequate soil moisture and also to keep the soil cool. SecureandDimecronweresprayedto protects the crop from late blight and aphid infestation, respectively. 2.9. Collection of Data. Data were collected on a plant stand at 45 days after planting and foliage coverage (%) at 45 days after planting and plant height (cm), stem plant⁻¹, number of mini tubers plant⁻¹, the yield of minitubers plant⁻¹ (g), the yield of minitubers (t ha⁻¹), and the grade of minitubers (%) were collected during harvest at 90 days after planting. Analysis of Data. All the collected data were analyzed by analysis of variance and the means were compared according to Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at a 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agronomy Volume 2017, Article ID 7520297, 5 pages

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7520297

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Microtuber using about250–500mg size is as they are easier to store and handle and do not require any acclimatization treatment.

Knowledge Management: Journal