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Effectiveness of Botanical Insecticides for the Management of Legume Pod Borer (maruca Vitrata F.) in Yard Long Bean

Robiah Noor Ahmed
Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Natore, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Mohammad Mahir Uddin
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Md. Azizul Haque
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Kazi Shahanara Ahmed
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A research was conducted in the field of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during rabi season 2016-17 to evaluate the efficacy of some botanicals viz. BioNeem plus, Mahogany oil, Karanja oil, Castor oil, Tobacco leaf extract, Urmoi fruit extract and Garlic clove extract and Nitro 505EC as positive control along with an untreated control for the management of legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata F. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with three replications of each treatment. The botanicals were evaluated based on the effectiveness on percentage reduction of flower and pod and increase of yield and pod yield. Among the botanical insecticides, BioNeem plus (Azadirachtin) 1% @ 1.0 ml/L at 7 days intervals on the yard long bean showed the best performance in respect of the reduction of flower and pod damage of 59.94 and 66.10 percent, respectively with significantly higher pod yield of 51.91 percent. Moderate efficacy was found from the Mahogany oil and Karanja oil @ 4 ml/L of water in case of flower (45.47 & 36.65%, respectively) and pod damage (50.36 & 41.27%, respectively) and yield increase (31.57 & 31.05%, respectively). It was also mentioned that BioNeem plus was better in different studied parameters than the chemical insecticides Nitro 505EC. The highest BCR was calculated from the BioNeem plus (1.39). Therefore, BioNeem plus might be used to successfully manage bean pod borer singly or in IPM packages.

Keywords: Yard long bean, Legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata, Azadirachtin

Location: Experimental field of Entomology Department of BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-06-2017

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide, Yard long bean, Borer

Objectives:

To evaluate the efficacy of seven botanicals viz., Neem, Azadirachta indica, mahogany, Swietenia mahogany, karanja, Pongamia pinnata, castor, Ricinus communis, tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, urmoi, Sapium indicumand garlic, Allium sativum, against legume pod borer in the yard long bean field.

Methodology:

The field trial of seven botanicals each having three doses along with a standard insecticide and untreated control was conducted against legume pod borer, M. vitrata F. at the experimental field of Entomology Department of BAU, Mymensingh at rabi season 2016-17. The yard-long bean seeds (Long Red Mollika) were sown on October 21, 2016 in 69 plots. Treatments were assigned in a randomized complete block design with three replications.The distance of plot to plot and replicate to replicate was 1.0 m and 2.0m, respectively. Each plot measuring 2.65m x 1.2m had 20 plants. Intercultural operations were done as and when needed. Fertilizers were applied as per recommendation (Zaman, 1992). Treatments were as follows:
T₁ = Spray of Azadirachtin 1% (BioNeem plus) @ 0.5ml, 1.0ml and 1.5ml per litre of water. First spray at the time of flowering and was continued 7 days intervals up to harvesting.
T₂= Spray of Mahogany oil @ 2.0ml, 3.0ml and 4.0ml per litre of water. First spray at the time of flowering and was continued 7 days intervals up to harvesting.
T₃ = Spray of Karanja oil @ 2.0ml, 3.0ml and 4.0ml per litre of water. First spray at the time of flowering and was continued 7 days intervals up to harvesting.
T₄ = Spray of Castor oil @ 2.0ml, 3.0ml and 4.0ml per litre of water. First spray at the time of flowering and was continued 7 days intervals up to harvesting.
T₅ = Spray of Tobacco leaf extract @ 10ml, 15ml and 20ml per litre of water. First spray at the time of flowering and was continued 7 days intervals up to harvesting.
T₆ = Spray of Urmoi fruit extract @ 4.0g, 6.0g and 8.0g per litre of water. First spray at the time of flowering and was continued 7 days intervals up to harvesting.
T₇ = Spray of Garlic clove extract @ 2.0ml, 3.0ml and 4.0ml per litre of water. First spray at the timeof flowering and was continued 7 days intervals up to harvesting.
T8 = Spray of standard insecticide (Nitro 505EC) @ 1.0 ml per litre of water. First spray at the time of flowering and was continued 7 days intervals up to harvesting.
T9 = Control (Untreated)
All tested botanicals and insecticide were applied at the above-mentioned doses by a high-volume knapsack sprayer. To ensure complete coverage of plants, spraying was done uniformly on the entire plant maintaining the distance around 25cm between the nozzle and inflorescence. The sprayer was washed and cleaned after each spraying. Only water was sprayed in untreated control plots. The spraying was applied in the afternoon to avoid bright sunlight, drift caused by wind and save honey bees. Data were collected on the first, third and seventh day after spraying. A number of healthy and infested flowers were counted and recorded from randomly selected 10 inflorescences per plot and to calculate the percentage of flower infestation at each observation. During each data collection, a number of healthy and infested pods were recorded and weighed to calculate the percentage of pod infestation and percentage yield increased. The number of legume pod borer larvae were counted and recorded from randomly selected 10 infested pods before spray and after on 1st, 3rd and 7th day after spraying to calculate the percentage of surviving larvae. All data were analyzed statistically after appropriate transformations and the means were separated using DMRT by MSTAT computer software

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 18(S1): 805–810, 2020 ISSN 1810-3030 (Print) 2408-8684 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.5455/JBAU.9739

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the botanicals Azadirachtin 1% at the doses of 1.50 ml/L and 1.0 ml/L was more toxic to M. vitrata. Azadirachtin 1% @ 1.50 ml/L and 1.0 ml/L performed benefit cost ratio of 1.39 and 1.41 respectively. Azadirachtin 1% @ 1.0 ml/L at 7 days intervals on the yard long bean showed better performance in respect of benefit cost ratio and in the reduction of flower and pod damage of 59.94 and 66.10 percent with significantly higher pod yield of 51.91 percent.

Knowledge Management: Journal