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Abundance and Fluctuation Patterns of Insect Pests in Country Bean

AU Khan
Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

MAR Choudhury
Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

MS Islam
Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

MA Maleque
Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field study was conducted to assess the population abundance and fluctuation pattern of major insect pests of country bean under natural condition. The research was done in the farm field of the Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, during summer and winter seasons of 2017-2018. Five insect species were found, among them aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch), pod borer (Maruca testulalis G.) and epilachna beetle (Epilachna dodecastigma) were recorded in both seasons and shoot borer (Acrobasis caryae) and field cricket (Brachytrypes portentosus) were found in winter and summer season, respectively. The highest number of accumulated populations of aphid was 408.74 and 205.89, pod borer was 249.99 and 95.45 and epilacha beetle was 57.69 and 43.5 plot^-1 in winter and summer season, respectively. The relative abundances of aphid were 55.58% and 59.24%; Pod borer was 33.92% and 27.46; Epilachna beetle was 7.76% and 12.42% in winter and summer country bean field, respectively. The major insect pest of bean aphid incidence varied among the vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages which were 120 and 85, 150 and 74 and 135 and 65 in winter and summer country bean plot^-1, respectively. Conversely, other major pest of country bean was pod borer mainly infesting flowering and fruiting stages and number was varied 15 and 13 and 235 and 85 in winter and summer, respectively plot^-1. Aphid and pod borer were found as major pests and field cricket, epilachna beetle and shoot borer were found as minor pest in country bean agroecosystem.

Keywords: Lablab purpureus, Insect pest, Natural conditions.

Location: Entomology Department in Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2018

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Country bean

Objectives:

To assess the population abundance and fluctuation pattern of insect pests in country bean field.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the field of Entomology Department in Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh, which is situated in 1º54´07´´E longitude and 24º54´33´´ N/24.909221º N and 91.901986ºE latitude at an altitude of 9 meter above the sea level. The field experiment was set up on the medium high land of the experimental field. The land was prepared by spade and stubble, weeds were removed. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The unit plot size was 3.0 m × 2.0 m accommodating single row and three pits per bed. Plant spacing was 1 m and 3 pits were prepared for seedling transplantation. Fifteen days old seedlings were transplanted in the well-prepared experimental plots. A total of 3 seedlings were planted in 1pit @ 9 seedlings plot-1 and recommended doses of fertilizers were applied according to Rashid (1999). Seed of the varieties BARI sheem 1, BARI sheem 6, Goalgadda sheem and IPSA sheem 2 were used in winter season and seed of the varieties Sikribi sheem-1, Sikribi sheem-2, SB-003 and IPSA sheem 2 were used in summer season. Arthropods data were collected by visual searching method. All of the 9 plants of each plot carefully observed for the identification of invasion insect pests. In every stage (vegetative, flowering and reproductive) every part of each plant viz. lower, middle and higher part four leaves was selected. The data were assembled over the season and average was calculated to provide an overall mean density plot^-1. The population density of each insect was expressed as number of individuals per 12 leaves of the plant. The data were collected at seven days interval throughout the both cropping seasons. Observation of bean aphid; the top 10 cm apical twigs of 5 randomly selected inflorescence of selected plants were cut and brought to the laboratory in bags separately for counting the number of aphids’ plant^-1 and also 5 randomly aphid infested pod of selected plants was collected by hand picking for counting of aphid plant^-1. The aphids were removed from the infested plant parts with the help of a soft camel hair brush and placed on a piece of white paper. Then the number of aphids was counted with the help of a magnifying glass and tally counter. The infested twigs and inflorescence were checked carefully. So that, single aphid could not escape at the time of counting. Borer infested flowers; pods at each harvest were counted and tagged. The data were also recorded on the number of infested flowers, pods removed instead of tagging. Then larvae were counted using hand magnifying glass and calculated as plant^-1. Relative abundance is the percent composition of an organism of a particular kind relative to the total number of organisms in the area (Angelo and Canencia, 2016). Relative abundance was calculated: Relative abundance = Total no. of each species/Total no. of all species × 100. Data were analyzed with R software (R Core Team, 2016). The data recorded on different parameters were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means were separated by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5 % level of significance

Source of Information: Journal of Sylhet Agricultural University, 2018, Volume 5, Number 2; Pages: 167-172

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study represents that in whole year observation, five insect pest species were found in country bean agro ecosystem. Aphid, pod borer and epilachna beetle were common pest against country bean throughout the two seasons. Bean aphid incidence varied in almost all the growth stages of bean plant (vegetative, flowering and fruiting). Pod borer mainly infested in flowering and fruiting stages. Aphid and pod borer were acting as major pests and field cricket, epilachna beetle and shoot borer were playing as minor pest in country bean agro ecosystem.

Knowledge Management: Journal