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Comparative Study of Different Tossa Jute Varieties (corchorus Olitorius) in Response to the Presence of Fungi

Fakhar Uddin Talukder
1Plant Pathology Department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Truthfully labelled seeds (TLS) collected from four districts in Bangladesh, was used in the present study. The highest germination rate (93.50%) and lowest infection (31.25 pathogens/100 seed) were observed in BJRI Tossa Pat 5 (O-795) variety. BJRI Tossa Pat 4 (O-72) was observed as the most vulnerable against pathogen infection (121.25 pathogens/100 seed). and showed the lowest germination (83.25%). Regressions co-efficient (β) -0.82 was observed between germination (%) and a total number of pathogens on seeds. The regression co-efficient (β) was -0.71 between moisture (%) and germination (%) of Tossa seeds. The regression co-efficient (β) was 0.65 between moisture (%) and a total number of pathogens at Tossa jute seeds. For conducting the experiment, there was no limitation. Consequently, it might be decided that seed-borne pathogenic fungi negatively affect the germination of Tossa jute seed.

Keywords: Tossa Jute, Pathogens, Germination percentages, Moisture percentages

Location: Plant Pathology lab, BJRI, Dhaka

Start Date: 01-02-2020

End Date: 30-06-2020

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

The purpose of this study is to observe the germination rate and availability of pathogen at different Tossa jute varieties.

Methodology:

Used Varieties:

V₁= O-4
V₂= O-9897
V₃= BJRI Tossa Pat 3 (OM-1)
V₄= BJRI Tossa Pat 4 (O-72)
V₅= BJRI Tossa Pat 5 (O-795)
V₆= BJRI Tossa Pat 6 (O-3820)
V₇= JRO-524
V₈= BJRI Tossa Pat 8 (Robi -1)

Germination Test: For each variety, 400 Tossa jute seeds were selected randomly from the properly mixed seed sample (ISTA, 2017). The working seed sample (each having 400 seeds) were allocated into 4 replications & consequently, 1 replication contained 100 seeds. Again, 100 jute seeds were divided into four sub-replications & each sub-replication contained 25 jute seeds. It was ensured that each and every seed had enough space in Petri dish so that germination might not be hampered. Soaked in water, the filter papers were positioned at the bottom of plastic petridishes (having 9 cm diameter), afterwards, 25 seeds were positioned on the surface of the top filter paper. The seeds were germinated on the surface of top layer filter paper. Three layers of Whatman No-1 had been used at each Petri dish. 16 replicate petridishes were made by using 400 seeds (16 x 25=400). By compactly fining the covers of the petri-dishes, evaporation losses of water were lessened. Inside into the incubator, the petridishes were sited maintaining 30⁰C temperature for 5 days (Islam et al., 2015) ). After incubation Seeds having radical and plumule that were calculated as germinated jute seeds. The results were articulated as percentage (%).

Seed moisture content: Tossa jute: seed moisture content was measured using a high constant temp. an oven-dry method by following ISTA rules (2003). About 7-8 g of jute seeds were placed in an aluminium dish & dried in an oven at 130 °C for 2 hours (until constant weight attained). Then the seed sample was cooled in a desecrator and weighed. After that, the moisture content was calculated.

Identification of Seed-Borne Fungi Associated with Jute Seeds: After 7 days of incubation of tossa jute seeds on wet blotting paper, the yielded fungi were detected and identified. The fungi yielded were Botryodiplodia theobromae, Macmphomina phaseolina, Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillum spp., Chaetomium spp., Curvularia sppAlternaria spp. Detection of isolated fungi was made on the basis of culture character, sporulation & conidial characters (Ahmed and Reddy, 1993). The fungi were also identified following the explanations of Mathur and Kongsdal (2003); Ellis (1993). All the tossa jute seed samples were tested for the incidence of fungal pathogens imitates by the Blotter Method following the International Rules for Seed Testing Association ISTA (2017).

Analysis of Data: The experiment was carried out ensuing the Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Analysis of variance was evaluated and the mean differences were arbitrated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) following statistical procedure for agricultural research (Gomez and Gomez, 1984.). Relationships between germinations of seeds and seed-borne fungal pathogens were calculated by regression lines & equations.

Source of Information: Annual Report, 2019-20; Plant Pathology Department, BJRI, Dhaka

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Germination (%) and a total number of pathogens on Tossa jute seeds were negatively co-related. The jute variety namely. the jute variety namely BJRI tossa pat 4 (O-72) was evident with the lowest germination rate and maximum fungal presence on seed. And BJRI tossa pat 5 (O-795) was evident with the highest germination rate and lowest fungal incidence.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings