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Status of Jute Seed in Bangladesh and Developing Sustainable Storage Technology with Quality Seed Production

S. M. A. Haque
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant pathology Department, BJRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The highest disease incidences 20.32% and 11.40% and lowest disease incidences 6.37% and 6.39% were recorded under control and BAU- Biofungicide treated seeds at CVL-1 and O-9897, respectively. Negative relations between disease severity and seed yield, fibre yield and stick yield were observed in seed treatments with BAU- Biofungicide and Provax-200. The highest seed yield (619.58 kg/ha), fibre yield (4.79 ton/ha) and stick yield (10.54 ton/ha) of CVL-1 were recorded under BAU- Biofungicide treated seeds and lowest seed yield (461.81 kg/ha), fibre yield (2.87 ton/ha) and stick yield (6.08 ton/ha) were recorded under control condition. In case of O-9897, the highest seed yield (369.33 kg/ha), fibre yield (4.53 ton/ha) and stick yield (9.76 ton/ha) was recorded under BAU- Biofungicide treated seeds and the lowest seed yield (325.52 kg/ha), fibre yield (2.25 ton/ha) and stick yield (4.98 ton/ha) was recorded under control treatment. Disease management showed the lowest disease incidence at JAES and KRS with BAU- Biofungicide spraying and highest were recorded under control condition. So, Quality of jute seeds can be maintained by storage in tin pot with pro-vax-200 treated and recommendation moisture content (9.5%) and seed treated and foliar spray of BAU- Biofungicide.

Keywords: Jute, Chemical fungicides, Fungal diseases, Field condition, BAu-Biofungicide

Location: The experiments were conducted in the laboratory of Plant Pathology Department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI), Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka; Seed Pathology Center, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Oil Seed Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and in the field of Jute Agriculture Experimental Station (JAES), Manikgonj and Kishoregonj Regional Station (KRS), Kishoregonj of BJRI.

Start Date: 15-01-2010

End Date: 05-02-2013

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

To evaluate existing storage conditions of jute seed of farmers, BJRI, BADC
and NGO’s.
To determine the health and quality status of jute seeds collected from
farmers, BJRI, BADC and NGO’s.
To develop an eco-friendly model of safe storing methods for quality jute seeds.
To determine the cost benefit ratio.
To develop sustainable quality seed production technology.

Methodology:

Experiment I: Survey on quality of seeds and existing storage methods of farmers, BADC and NGO’s
Experiment II: Evaluation of different seed health testing techniques for detection of seed-borne pathogens, germination and vigour: Six different seed health testing techniques were compared to select the most suitable methods of detection of seed-borne fungal pathogens and germination of jute seeds. The techniques included for comparison were Earthen dish with Newsprint paper, Earthen dish with Whatman No. 1 filter paper, Glass petridish with Newsprint paper, Glass petridish with Whatman No. 1 filter paper, Plastic petridish with Newsprint paper and Plastic petridish with Whatman No. 1 filter paper
Experiment III: Study on sustainable environment safe storing method for quality jute seeds
Field experiment I: Study on quality seed production technology following factorial experiment

Data on different parameters were collected as shown below

Field emergence (germination %)
Plant stand/ plant population
Incidence of diseases (%)
Plant height (M)
Base diameter (mm)
Fibre yield per plant (gm)
Fibre yield per hectare (ton)
Stick yield per plant (gm)
Stick yield per hectare (ton)
The average number of branch per plant
The average number of fruits per plant
Seed yield per plant (gm)
Seed yield per hectare (kg)
Weight of 1000- seeds (gm)

Some plots were kept unharvested for seed production

Calculation of Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR)

5. Field experiment II: Production of seed following top cutting method

Data on different parameters were collected as shown below

Mortality (%) and Viability (%)
The average number of branch per plant
The average number of fruits per plant
Seed yield per plant (gm)
Seed yield per hectare (kg)
Weight of 1000- seeds (gm)

Source of Information: PhD thesis- (2013), of S. M. A. Haque; Plant pathology Department, BJRI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In storage period, germination, viability, moisture, oil and protein content of seeds and health status depend upon storage containers, duration and environmental condition.
Germination was found to decrease with the increase of seed-borne infection of fungal pathogens.
Line sowing method was found most suitable compared to top cutting method for the production of quality healthy jute seeds with maximum BCR.
BAU- Biofungicide (3% of seed weight) can successfully be used for treating seeds to avoid Provax-200 for the production of quality healthy jute seeds with higher seed and fibre yield.
BAU- Biofungicide (2% in water) can also be successfully used as a spraying agent to avoid Dithane M- 45 or other chemical fungicides for the production of quality healthy jute seeds
Before cutting plantation cuttings treated with BAU- Biofungicide (2% in water) can perform better for yield production with maximum BCR.

So, the following recommendation may be drawn

Quality of jute seeds can be maintained by storage in tin pot with provax-200 treated and recommendation moisture content (9.5%)
Seed treated and foliar spray of BAU- Biofungicide enhance the quality and yield of the jute seed and fibre in the field.
Cutting treated of BAU- Biofungicide enhances the quality and yield of the jute seed in the field.

Knowledge Management: Thesis