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Oral Glucose Tolerance Test with Methanolic Extract of Zingiber Montanum Link Ex A. Dietr. (zingiberaceae) Flowers

Khoshnur Jannat
Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka- 1207, Bangladesh

Rownak Jahan
Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Mohammed Rahmatullah
Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Zingiber montanum or cassumunar zinger is a common ginger species in Asia, which has ethnic uses against various ailments like headache, dysentery, constipation, skin diseases, inflammation, jaundice, dyspepsia, pain, ulcer, fever and the common cold. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of methanol extract of flowers of the plant, which is used by the Marma tribe in the Bandarban area of Bangladesh to keep high blood glucose levels under control. Antihyperglycemic activity was determined through an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with methanol extract of Zingiber montanum flower. The extract (MEZM) at doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg per kg body weight each to glucose-loaded mice reduced blood glucose levels by 13.6, 21.8, 27.9, and 32.3%, respectively, compared to control (untreated) mice. By comparison, a standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, when administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg body weight, reduced blood glucose level by40.8%. Our results validate the use of flowers by the Marma tribe to lower elevated blood glucose levels.

Keywords: Zingiber montanum, Cassumnar, Diabetes, OGTT, Antihyperglycemic

Location: Bandarban district, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

To find out through oral glucose tolerant test (OGTT), the antihyperglycemic efficacy of methanolic extract of Zingiber montanum flower.

Methodology:

Flowers of Zingiber montanum were collected from Bandarban district, Bangladesh. Plant specimen was taxonomically identified by a trained botanist at the University of Development Alternative. Flowers were sliced into thin strips and dried in the shade for 72 hours. The sliced air-dried flowers were grounded into a fine powder and 34g of the powder was extracted with methanol (1:3, w/v) for 48 hours. The extract (MEZM) was evaporated to dryness at 50 ^oC and stored in small aliquots at -20 ^oC till use. The final weight of MEZM was 1.6g. The extract (MEZM) was suspended in DMSO prior to administration by gavaging to mice in an oral glucose tolerance test. All the chemicals were of analytical grade. Glucose and glibenclamide were obtained from Square Pharmaceuticals, Bangladesh. Swiss albino mice, which weighed between 14-18g were used in the present study. The animals were purchased from International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. The animals were acclimatized for three days prior to actual experiments. During this period, they were kept in a temperature-controlled room (25 ^oC) and given standard mice chow and water ad libitum. The study was conducted following approval by the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee of the University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh and following European Union guidelines for experimenting with animals. Oral glucose tolerance tests were carried out as per the procedure previously described by Joy and Kuttan (1999) ^[30] with minor modifications. Briefly, mice fasted for sixteen hours were grouped into six groups of five mice each. The various groups received different treatments like Group 1 received vehicle and served as the control, Group 2 received standard drug (glibenclamide, 10 mg/kg body weight). Groups 3-6 received MEZM at doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg per kg body weight, respectively. All substances were administered by gavaging. Following a period of one hour, all mice were orally administered 2g glucose/kg of body weight. Blood samples were collected 120 minutes after the glucose administration through puncturing the heart. Blood glucose levels were measured with a glucometer. The percentage lowering of blood glucose levels was calculated according to the formula described below. Percentage lowering of blood glucose level = (1 – We/Wc) X 100, where We and Wc represent the blood glucose concentration in glibenclamide or extract administered mice (Groups 2-6), and control mice (Group 1), respectively. Experimental values are expressed as mean ± SEM. Independent Sample t-test was carried out for statistical comparison. Statistical significance was considered to be indicated by a p-value < 0.05 in allcases.

Source of Information: Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2020; 8(3): 85-88

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A common antidiabetic drug metformin was isolated from the plant Galega officinalis. It means that plants can be a good source for finding new drugs. As the people of Marma tribe chew the flower for anti-diabetic effect, it suggests that it is non-toxic. The plant is readily available in the Chittagong Hill Tracts and can be a readily available and affordable source of the new anti-diabetic drug(s).

Knowledge Management: Journal