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Comparative Study of Microbial and Botanical Pesticides as Biorational Control of Mango Hopper

Md. Sohanur Rahman
Scientific Officer
Department of Entomology, Pest Management Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mango hopper is considered as one of the most destructive pests of mango in Bangladesh which can be effectively controlled by using bio-agents and botanical pesticides. An experiment was conducted at the IPM Laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh to study the comparative performance of three botanicals (Neem, Mahogany and Karanja oils) and a microbial pesticides (Beauveria bassiana) for the management of mango hopper (Idioscopus clypealis). The experiment was designed following completely randomized design (CRD) using 39 petridishes of 12 cm in diameter. Four insecticides each with 3 different doses (1%, 2% and 3%) were evaluated for their effectiveness. The data on the number of hopper killed were collected every day of a week. Results showed that all the three doses of Beauveria bassiana effectively controlled mango hopper. All the treatments influenced significantly in the management of mango hopper in comparison to the control. Among the botanicals 3% Neem oil was the most effective best but relatively lower performance was observed in case of 1% Mahogany oil. Observation on the effect of a microbial pesticide (Beauveria bassiana) and some botanicals on the infestation of mango hopper at different stages showed that hopper population at pea-shaped after prior to the second spray was maximum in 1% Mahogany oil (13.87) and minimum number of hopper was found in 3% Beauveria bassiana (7.33). Overall results suggested that Beauveria bassiana as a microbial pesticide performed better than botanicals in controlling mango hopper and resulting in higher yield.

Keywords: Mango hopper; Microbial; Botanicals; Management

Location: Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Extract (plant, seed)

Objectives:

The present study was performed to know the potentially of three nonpersistence natural product, namely, Neem oil, Mahogany and Karanja and as well as a fungus, Beauveria bassiana to manage mango hopper, I. clypealis (Lethierry), along with the assessment of their toxic effects on mango hopper and flower and fruit retention.

Methodology:

2.1. Experimental site: The study was conducted at the Entomology IPM Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from February 2014 to March 2015. To conduct the experiments six mango trees of Amrapali variety were selected in Aqua, Mymensingh and trial was conducted in Entomology Field Laboratory, BAU, Mymensingh. The experimental area was characterized by moderately low temperature, low humidity and scanty rainfall during the February 2014 to April 2015.
2.2. Collection of microbial and botanical pesticides: Botanical insecticides i.e., Neem (Azadirachta indica), Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni) and Karanja (Millettia pinnata) oils were collected from IPM Laboratory of Entomology Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. A microbial pesticide (Beauveria bassiana) was collected from Ispahani Biotech Company in Bolaspur, Mymensingh. A commercial formulation of Beauveria bassiana was used to conduct the experiment.

2.3. Treatments and experimental design: Botanical insecticides were used with a dose of 1%, 2% and 3% of each. The doses of used Beauveria bassiana were 1%, 2% and 3%. For all insecticides, at first 39 petridishes (12 cm diameter) were taken. Fresh, disease-free and well-developed inflorescences, (approximately 10 cm in length) were collected. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used in this study.
2.4. Experimental setup: Four insecticides each with 3 different doses were evaluated for their efficiency. One inflorescence was placed in each petridish. Insecticide was sprayed on each inflorescence placed in petridishes and left for air dry before offering insect. Among the 39 petridishes, (3x3x3) = 27 petridishes were used for treatment. Then 10 hoppers (7 adults + 3 nymphs) were released at each petridish and kept for 7 days. Similarly, In case of Beauveria bassiana, 9 petridishes (12 cm diameter) were taken. Fresh, disease-free and well-developed inflorescences, (approximately 10 cm in length) were collected. One inflorescence was placed in each petridish. Insecticide was sprayed on each inflorescence placed in petridishes and left for air dry before offering insect. (3x3)= 9 petridishes were used for treatment and 3 petridishes were used for control for all insecticides. Small pieces of cotton with soaked fertilized water were placed at the base of the inflorescence to keep the inflorescence fresh.
2.5. Protection measures: Cotton pieces were changed regularly to avoid the probability of development of fungus and some fertilized water was added to the cotton pieces regularly. In the laboratory, daily temperature and humidity were recorded and maintained. The data on the number of hoppers killed were collected at 1 DAT, 2 DAT, 3 DAT, 4 DAT, 5 DAT, 6 DAT and 7 DAT.
2.6. Statistical analysis: Obtained data were analyzed statistically after appropriate transformation using analytical computer software MSTAT-C and mean values were separated using DMRT.

Source of Information: Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2019, 5 (4), 330-335; doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v5i4.45272

Article Link (Online Journal): doi: 10.3329/ajmbr.v5i4.45272

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that 1% Beauveria bassiana was highly toxic to mango hopper. Among the botanicals Neem oil was the highly toxic but Mahogany oil was less toxic. The highest number of hopper was killed by 3% Neem oil and the lowest by 1% Mahogany oil. This experiment revealed that after one month of first spray, the number of hopper at flowering stage was the maximum in 3% Mahogany oil (15.17) and lowest hopper was found in 2% Karanja oil. But hopper population at pea shaped after prior to second spray was maximum in 1% Mahogany oil (13.87) and minimum no. of hopper was found in 3% Beauveria bassiana (7.33). On the basis of hopper infestation after insecticidal treatment it was noted that Beauveria bassiana had the better effect in controlling mango hopper than any other insecticide. Among the botanicals the minimum numbers of hopper were found in 2%, 3% Neem oil and 3% Karanja oil.

Knowledge Management: Journal