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Integrated Duck Cum-fish Farming in Bangladesh

MUHAMMAD A. LATIF
Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

MOHAMMAD J. ALAM
Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

MOHAMMAD A. RAHMA
Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment on integrated duck-cum-fish farming was conducted in 11 ponds of 0.1 ha each at the Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Khaki Campbell layer ducks Anus platyrhychs were housed directly over the pond water surface at 200,400 and 500 dncks/ha. Each density had three replicate ponds and two ponds had no ducks. Fish fingerlings were stocked at a total density of 8,850/ha. The species composition was silver carp Hypophthalmicthys molitrix 33.9%; catla Catla carfa 12.4%; rohu Lube0 rohita 18.1%; mrigd Cirrhina mrigala 28.8%. grass carp Ctenophatyngodon idella 1.4% and sor pnti Puntius gonlonotus 5.4%. The fish were not given any supplemental feed, and the ponds were not fertilized except for the split duck feed and duck manure falling directly into the ponds. Ducks were fed with a feed formulated from locally available ingredients. After one year the fish were harvested. The yield of fish increased with an increase in duck density. Highest net fish production of 4,250 kg/ha/yr was obtained from ponds with 500 ducks/ ha, compared to 490 kg/ha/yr from the control ponds. Manure of each duck contributed a net fish yield of 6.9-7.5 Wyr. Average egg production was 237 eggs per female duck per year. Economic analysis of the technology showed a net profit of about 100Yo of the total costs, indicating the economic viability of the technology.

Keywords: Integrated, Duckcum, Fish, Farming, Bangladesh

Location: Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Fish, Duck

Objectives:

This experiment was conducted to identify the optimum duck density, as well as to develop an appropriate technology on integrated duck-cum-fish farming system in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in 11 earthen ponds. Each pond had a water surface area of 0.1 ha and a separate water inlet and outlet. The culture system was static and the depth was maintained between 1.0 and 1.5 m by a sub-surface water supply. Duck houses, each 5 m in length and 3 m wide, were constructed directly over the water surface of nine randomly selected ponds. The construction materials were bamboo and tin. The floor of each house was made of slated bamboo and the space between slats was just enough to allow the fecal matter to fall directly into the pond water. The gap between the floor and the pond water surface was about 67 cm. Three treatments were tested-200,400 and 500 duck dha- and each had three replicates. Two ponds served as control and had no ducks. Khaki Campbell layer ducks Anasplatyrhychos, 30 days in age (average wt 332 g) purchased from a commercial duckery, were raised in all houses. Ducks were fed twice daily with feed formulated from locally available agricultural ingredients. Ducklings up to 90 days in age were fed 60-90 g/bird/ day and after 90 days they (average live wt 1,000 g) were fed 125 g/bird/day. Ducks were vaccinated with fowl cholera vaccine at six weeks of age and again after six months. Plague vaccine was given only once at seven weeks of age. Every morning ducks were released to roam into an encloser: a fence of bamboo strips in the pond attached to each duck house. In the evening, ducks returned to the house and the doors were closed for their safety. Once a week, the ducks were allowed to graze for two hours on the green grass grown along the pond embankments. To collect data on duck manure production, 10 randomly selected adult ducks were kept for four days in individual cases of polythene flooring and fed the normal ration. Fresh manure was collected every 12 hours and weighed. Fish fingerlings were stocked in September at a density of 8,85O/ha in each pond and the species composition was Hypo-phthalmicthys molitrix 33.9%, Catla catla 12.4%, Labeo rohita 18. loh, Cirrhina mri gala 28.8%, Ctenopharyngodon idella 1.4% and Puntius gonionotus 5.4%. The fish were not given any supplemental feed, and the ponds were not fertilized except for the duck feed and duck manure which fell directly into the ponds. Only grass carp were fed by adding grass supplied from the pond embankments. Dissolved oxygen and pH were recorded twice a month at 1100 hours with a YSI Oxygen Meter Model No. 57 and Jenway pH Meter Model No. 3060 respectively. Crude protein of duck feed ration was estimated as described in APHA (1 989). After 365 days fish were harvested by complete draining of ponds. Data on total net fish yield and survival; fish survival, final weight, net yield and growth rate by species; and dissolved oxygen and pH were statistically analyzed with the one-way ANOVA (Statgraphics Package). When F-test statistics indicated a significant difference among treatment means (P < 0.05), multiple range analysis was used to discern specific differences among the means. Economic analysis of the farming was conducted by using data of total costs of operation and the total returns (prices obtained from the Mymensingh local market).

Source of Information: JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY Vol. 24, No. 3 September, 1993

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

After one year the fish were harvested. The yield of fish increased with an increase in duck density. Highest net fish production of 4,250 kg/ha/yr was obtained from ponds with 500 ducks/ ha, compared to 490 kg/ha/yr from the control ponds. Manure of each duck contributed a net fish yield of 6.9-7.5 Wyr. Average egg production was 237 eggs per female duck per year. Economic analysis of the technology showed a net profit of about 100Yo of the total costs, indicating the economic viability of the technology.

Knowledge Management: Journal