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Relationships of Euglenophytes Bloom to Environmental Factors in the Fish Ponds at Rajshahi, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh)

J. K. Ghosh
Department of Agriculture, Shahmukdhum College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh)

M. S. Islam
Student, Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh)

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to investigate the relationships of euglenophytes bloom to environmental factors in the fish ponds at Rajshahi, Bangladesh for twelve months from July 2010 to June 2011. Among the study ponds, three ponds with bloom were located at Raighati, Mohanpur Upazila (BP-R), another three ponds with bloom at Yusufpur, Charghat Upazila (BP-Y) and three non-bloom ponds (NBP) at Meherchandi, Motihar Thana. The environmental factors(water temperature, DO, pH, NO3-N, NH4-N, PO4-P, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu), soil organic matter, and algal community and density were examined monthly by using standard methods. There was no significant difference in water temperature among BP-R, BP-Y and NBP but significantly lower DO and pH, higher concentrations of NO3-N, NH4-N, PO4-P, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu and soil organic matter and higher density of euglenophytes were recorded in BP-R and BP-Yas compared to NBP (P<0.05). The euglenophytes were composed of three genera, Euglena, Phacus and Trachelomonas among which Euglena (E. sanguinea) was highly dominant. The density of euglenophytes in BP-Rand BP-Y showed an increasing trend from September(early autumn) and peaked in November (late autumn) and December (early winter). The density of these algae was negatively correlated with water temperature, DO and pH while positively correlated with NO3-N, NH4-N, PO4-P, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu concentrations (P<0.05).

Keywords: Bloom, Environmental, Euglenophytes, Factors, Fish pond, Relationship

Location: Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to investigate the relationships of euglenophytes bloom to environmental factors in the fish ponds with a view to monitoring the variation in environmental factors and euglenophytes density.

Methodology:

Duration and location of the study: The study was conducted for twelve months from July 2010 to June 2011 in nine fish ponds at three stations of Rajshahi district, the north-west part of Bangladesh. Among the ponds, three bloom ponds (BP) were located at Raighati in Mohanpur Upazila (BP-R), another three bloom ponds were at Yusufpur in Charghat Upazila (BP-Y) and three non-bloom ponds (NBP) were at Meherchandi in Motihar Thana. 2.2 Study ponds and their management: The ponds were more or less rectangular in shape with an area 2.5 to 3.5 dec. The water levels of the ponds varied between 3.0 and 5.5 feet. A semi-intensive culture system was practiced in the ponds. Initially, the ponds were treated with quick lime (CaO) at the rate of 1kg/dec. Fertilization of the ponds was done with both organic and inorganic fertilizers. The ponds were stocked with fingerlings of Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhina mrigala, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Puntiusgonionotusat the rate of 60-75 fingerlings/dec. 2.3 Monitoring of environmental factors: The environmental factors viz., water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) concentrations were monitored monthly. Some environmental factors were monitored on the spot. For laboratory analysis, water samples were collected from different points of each pond. Water temperature, DO and pH was determined by Celsius thermometer, HACH kit (HANNA, HI-9142) and pH meter (Jenway, 3020 UK), respectively. The concentrations of NO3-N, NH4-N and PO4-P were determined by using HACH kit (DR/2010). The concentrations of Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Model-3310). 2.4 Determination of soil organic matter soil samples were collected using the standard method. Determination of soil organic carbon was made by the Walkley-Black method. The organic matter of soil was determined by multiplying the % of organic carbon with conventional Van-Bemmelen’s factor of 1.724. 2.5 Study of planktonic algae: For studying planktonic algae, water samples (10 L) were collected in a plastic bucket from different depths of each pond and passed through the plankton net (25 μm mesh size). The concentrated samples were preserved with 5% buffered formalin. For identification and enumeration of algae, the samples were examined using Sedgewick-Rafter counting cell (S-R cell) under a compound microscope (NOVEX). Identification of algae was performed according to APHA [17]and Bellinger. The enumeration was done according to Stirling.

Source of Information: Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS)e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372.Volume 7, Issue 1 Ver. V (Feb. 2014), PP 45-52www.iosrjournals.org

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The overall study revealed that euglenophytes density in the fish ponds showed a seasonal variation with the higher density in autumn to winter and the lower density in summer, monsoon and spring season. Temperature, DO, pH, nutrients (nitrate, ammonium and phosphate) and heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) contributed to the variation in density of these algae. Higher concentrations of nutrients and heavy metals under lower water temperature, DO and pH (acidic) enhance their density attributed to the active growth of Euglena (E.sanguinea). Further study at the sampling frequency of several days in a month for several years would allow a more accurate correlation of changes in the density of euglenophytes and environmental factors.

Knowledge Management: Journal