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Study of Antioxident and Antimicrobial Activity of Goniothalamus Sesquipedalis in Ethanol Extract

Nafisa Nawar
Department of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Tahsina Auni
Department of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Faizul Alam
Department of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Fahad Rahman
Department of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Utsha Chakma
Department of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Maksuda Akter
Department of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Goniothalamus sesquipedalis plant extract used to assess its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The extract was made by soaking the dried plant powder in ethanol. After comparing with the standard Ciprofloxacin we found that Ethanol extract of the sample gave the activity against all the experimented microbes of ZI (zone of inhibition) against E. coli and B.subtillis. After performing the DPPH assay of plant extract of sample plant we saw that it has a good ability to inhibit free radicals.

Keywords: Goniothalamus sesquipedalis, Antioxident, Antimicrobial activity, E.coli, B.subtillis, DPPH

Location: National Herbarium Bangladesh, Mirpur, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-00-2018

End Date: 00-00-2018

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

To assess its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Goniothalamus sesquipedalis in ethanol extract.

Methodology:

The leaf part of Goniothalamus sesquipedalis plant was collected in July 2018 from the Chittagong hill tract. After collection, the National Herbarium Bangladesh (NHB), Mirpur, and Dhaka authenticated the plant material and provided a plant identification number, which was 42930. At first, the leaves part was washed with fresh water to remove the unwanted dust particles and plant scrap. After that, the cleaned leaves were dried under the sun for a day. Then the leaves were again dried for 1 hour at 30-40 °C in a hot air oven. By using a high-capacity grinding machine, the dry and crusty leaves were ground. After that, at a normal ambient temperature (22-25 °C) around 900 g of ground powder was soaked in 2.5 L of ethanol for a period of 2 days with occasional stirring. With the help of a cotton filter (pore size: 110mm) filtration was done and a rotary evaporator was used at 100 rpm at 30°C to evaporate the maximum amount of solvent. For vaporizing the solvent completely from the extract, the leaf extract was kept under a laminar airflow cabinet. Moreover, it was used to avoid any possibility of microbial growth in the extract while drying. Finally, 20.1 g of plant leaf extract was obtained and kept in a dry and cool place and proper labeling was done. After that, this extract was used to conduct antioxidant and antimicrobial activity studies. The chemicals were gallic acid [Sigma-Aldrich, USA], Folin- Ciocalteu reagent [Sigma-Aldrich, USA], 2,2-Diphenyl-1- Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) [Sigma-Aldrich, USA]., sodium carbonate [Merck, India] and ascorbic acid (ASA) [Merck, India]. All the chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade. The phenols were oxidized by Folin-Ciocalteu in an ionic phenolic solution. When the solution became yellow to dark blue, it is understood that the oxidation has been completed. after that, this color changed mixture measured in 760 nm in UV spectrophotometer. Finally, the value of the absorbance plotted in the gallic acid calibration curve and data was evaluated as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). Aluminum chloride was used to determine the total amount of flavonoids. Firstly, 0.5 ml of plant extract was made up to 1 ml of final volume with reaction medium (MeOH/H?O/CH?COOH=14:5:1) which was then mixed with Aluminum chloride reagent (4 ml, 133 mg of AlCl? × 6 H₂O and 400 mg of CH₄COONa dissolved in 100 ml H₂O). After 5 minutes, the absorbance was measured at 430 nm. Based on the calibration curve, total flavonoid content was calculated and it was expressed as gram equivalents. The antioxidant activity Goniothalamus sesquipedalis was determined by performing DPPH free radical scavenging assay. To run this assay, different concentrations of plant extracts were mixed with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) solution. In methanol or aqueous solution, free radicals were generated due to delocalization of the free electrons and a deep purple colored solution is produced. Then absorbance of different concentration solutions was measured at 517 nm in UV spectrophotometer. The decreasing value of DPPH at 517 nm is directly proportional to the radical scavenging activity. In recent years, different studies are developing antimicrobial agents to fight antibiotics resistance from different sources and the highest concentration has given to screen and evaluate the antimicrobial activity. By using the disc diffusion assay method, the antimicrobial activity of Goniothalamus sesquipedalis was evaluated. E. coli bacteria (gram negative) and Bacillus Subtilis bacteria (gram positive) were used in this study. Mular Hinton agar (MHA) was used as media in this assay. Firstly, every petri dish was autoclaved for sterilization and 20 ml of MHA was poured in every petri dish. After that, the plates were kept for a time being to be settled. With the help of a cotton swab, the nutrient broth of bacterial strains was incubated in MHA. A small disc of filter paper was made by using a paper punch machine and then different concentrations of plant extract (200 mg/mL and 400 mg/mL) were used to swallow that filter paper. When the discs become dry, they were transferred to the Petri dishes and kept in an incubator for 24 hours at 37⁰C. After 24 hours the zone of inhibition was calculated and for keeping the contamination limited, the whole experiment was done under laminar flow.

Source of Information: Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2019; 7(3): 78-81

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

To conclude this can be said that Goniothalamus sesquipedalis ethanolic extract has potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Further study can be done to explore the other medicinal use of this medicinal plant.

Knowledge Management: Journal