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Effect of Cassia Same and Gliricidia Sepium Leaf in Controlling Weed of Transplanted Aman Rice on the Madhupur Tract of Bangladesh

Mohammad Nasir
Research Associate, Second Crop Diversication Project, Department of Agricultural Extension, Jessore, Bangladesh

Sharif Ahmed*
PhD Research Scholar, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Md. Mahbub Hassan
Senior Officer
Sonali Bank Limited, Gaibandha, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Over use of herbicide may cause several environmental hazards and development of herbicide-resistant weeds along with high cost. Allelopathy is a component of integrated weed management (IWM) that could be potentially used for weed control by producing and releasing allelochemicals. A field study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potentiality of Cassia same and Gliricidia sepium leaf in controlling weed at the experimental farm of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during Aman season of 2010. Treatment consists of 11 weed control methods (weedy, weed-free, pretilachlor 1 L a.i. ha-1, fresh leaves of Cassia siamea2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 tha-1, and Gliricidia sepium2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 tha^-1.C. siamea, and G. sepium leaves incorporation effectively controlled weeds; however, higher rate was more effective than lower rate. The highest weed control efficiency (WCE) was recorded from G. sepium 10 t ha^-1. WCE of C. siamea 7.5 and 10 t ha-1and G. sepium 2.5, 5, and 7.5 t ha-1had similar results to herbicide treatment pretilachlor 1 L a.i. ha-1.Across the rates of leaves incorporation, C. siamea and G.sepiumhad 14-27 and 8-22% lower yield, respectively, when compared with weed-free treatment. Grain yield increased significantly when C. siamea and G.sepiumleaves incorporation rates increased from 2.5 to 10 t ha^-1. The results of the study indicate that C. siamea and G.sepium leaf have strong allelopathic potential against weeds and farmers can use fresh leaves of C. siamea around 10 t ha^-¹ and G.sepium 7.5 -10 t ha^-¹ to effective control of weeds in transplanted rice.

Keywords: Allelopathy, Herbicide, Weed control efficiency, Weed density, Weed biomass

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

Considering the benefit mentioned above the present study was undertaken with the objectives of effects of C. same and G. sepiumon rice growth, yield, and weed suppression in transplanted Aman rice.

Methodology:

Experiment site and soil description: Field study was conducted at the experimental farm (24^o09^/N, 90^o26^/ E with an elevation of 8.4 m from the mean sea level) of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during the wet season (Aman) of 2010 (September to December). The area is under Madhupur Tract (AEZ 28), a region of upland, closely or broadly dissected terraces associated with either shallow or broad, deep valleys and soils developed over the Madhupur Clay. The soil of the experimental site was silty clay of Shallow Red Brown Terrace type, having pH 6.9. The climate of the experimental site is characterized by heavy rainfall during the months from May to September and scanty rainfall during the rest of the year. Treatments and design treatments: The experiment was consists of eleven different weed control treatments such as weedy (allow weeds season-long), weed-free (not allow any weeds during experiment period and weeding was done by several times manually), pretilachlor 0.5 kg a.i. ha-¹, Cassia siamea fresh leaves (2.5, 5, 7.5, and10 t ha^-1), and Gliricidia sepium fresh leaves (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 t ha-1).The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The size of unit plots was 3m × 4 m. Plot to plot distance was 0.5 m and block to block distance was 1m. Crop management BU Dhan 1, a newly released modern rice variety (slightly aromatic in nature) developed by the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University was used as the test crop in the experiment. The sprouted seeds were sown in the nursery bed on 1 August 2010. The land was puddled thoroughly by ploughing and cross ploughing four times followed by laddering using a two-wheel power tiller on 25 August 2010. Weeds and stubbles were removed from the land to make it ready for transplanting. Thirty-five-day old seedlings were uprooted on 6 September 2010 from nursery bed and transplanting was done with two or three seedlings per hill at a spacing of 20×20cm on the same day. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 80-60-40-20-4 kg ha-1of N-P-K-S-Zn in the form of Urea, Triple superphosphate, Murate of Potash, Gypsum and Zinc sulphate, respectively. The whole amount of P, K. S and Zn were applied as basal dose during final land preparation. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied in three equal splits in a top dress at 20, 40 and 55 days after transplanting (DAT). The crop was kept under keen observation from transplanting to the date of harvesting. Intercultural operations such as irrigation, pest management and other necessary cultural operations were done as and when required. The crop was infested with yellow stem borers (Scirpophaga incertulas) and Furadan 5G @ 10 kg ha-1was applied at 70 DAT to control the infestation.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR)ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online)http://www.innspub.netVol. 8, No. 1, p. 64-70, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

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Achievement/Findings:

From the present study, it can be concluded that C. siamea and G.sepium have strong allelopathic potential against weed. Despite the numerous allelopathic potentialities of C. siamea and G.sepium leaves, these have not yet practiced in weed control in rice. The incorporation of C. siamea (around 10 t ha-1)and G.sepium (7.5-10 t ha-1) fresh leaves in this study provided similar WCE, and similar yield to herbicide treatment.

Knowledge Management: Journal