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Yield Pattern of Blackgram as Affected by Different Nitrogen Application Methods

D.C. Ray
Department of Agricultural Extension, Barishal, Bangladesh

M.F. Karim
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

M.R. Islam
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, RARS, Barishal-8211, Bangladesh

S. Hasna
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, RARS, Barishal-8211, Bangladesh

Raziuddin
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, RARS, Barishal-8211, Bangladesh

N. Jahan
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M.H. Rashid
Crop Zoning Project, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from September to December 2017 to study the response of black gram with maximum utilization of nitrogen given in different method. The variety BARI mass-3 was used as the test crop. The experiment consisted of 16treatments. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Results revealed that data on different growth, yield and yield contributing characters of black gram were recorded and significant variations were observed among the studied characters. Treatment T1 (Prilled Urea given in furrows) registered the maximum plant height (22.22cm, 53.91cm, 53.91cm, 74.86cm and76.53cm), leaves plant-1(4.03, 10.20, 17.93, 20.50 and 22.57), branches plant-1(1.53, 4.26, 4.57, 5.11 and 6.00) and highest total dry weight (0.43g, 4.57g, 15.0 g, 28.31g and 21.19g) at 15, 35, 55,75 DAS and harvest, respectively. The maximum yield contributing characters like pods plant-1(20.10), pod length (4.57cm), seeds pod-1(6.80) and 1000-seeds weight (60.93g) were found when the crop was given prilled urea in-furrow (T1). The highest seed yield, stover yield and biological yield were noted as 1.32 tha-¹, 2.23 tha^-¹ and 3.55 tha^-¹ from T1, respectively, when T15 showed the minimum seed yield (1.00t ha^-1), stover yield (1.52 tha^-1) and biological yield (2.39 tha^-1). It was evident that the black gram plant gave maximum seed yield when prilled urea given in furrows near the seed may facilitate the plant to uptake maximum nitrogen for better growth, development and yield of black gram.

Keywords: Black gram, Nitrogen, Application Method, Yield

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-09-2017

End Date: 00-12-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Black gram, Fertilizer

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to maximize the growth and seed yield of black gram with nitrogen fertilizer application as prilled urea (PU) and urea super granule (USG).

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207 during the period from September 2017 to December 2017. The experimental area was situated at 23⁰77’N latitude and 90⁰33’E longitude at an altitude of 8.6 meters above sea level (Anon., 2004). The experimental site belongs to the Agro-ecological zone of “The Modhupur Tract”, AEZ-28. A composite sample was made by collecting soil from several spots of the field at a depth of 0-15 cm before the initiation of the experiment and analyzed from Soil Resources Development Institute (SRDI), Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka. The collected soil was air-dried, grind and passed through a 2 mm sieve and analyzed for some important physical and chemical properties. The analytical data of the soil sample collected from the experimental area were 27% sand, 43% silt, 30% clay, organic matter 0.78%. The variety BARI mash-3 was used as the test crops. Urea, Triple superphosphate (TSP) and Muriate of potash (MoP) were used as a source of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, respectively in the experimental plot. Urea was applied as prilled urea (PU) and urea super granule (USG) as per treatment. Prilled urea was applied in broadcasts, furrows and between two furrows. TSP and MoP were applied at the rate of 40 and 50 kg per hectare, respectively following the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) recommendation for blackgram cultivation. All of the fertilizers were applied during the final land preparation. USG (1.8 g) placed at 10 cm depth following treatment variables. The experiment consists of 16 treatments such as T0 = Prilled urea (PU) broadcast, T1 = PU given in furrows, T2 = PU given between two rows, T3= PU and seeds given in same furrows, T4= USG placed at 10 cm distance (avoid one row), T5= USG placed at 10 cm distance (avoid two rows), T6= USG placed at10 cm distance (avoid three rows), T7= USG placed at 20 cm distance (avoid one row), T8= USG placed at 20 cm distance (avoid two rows), T9= USG placed at 20 cm distance (avoid three rows), T10= USG placed at 30 cm distance (avoid one row), T11= USG placed at 30 cm distance (avoid two rows), T12= USG placed at 30 cm distance (avoid three rows), T13= USG placed at 40 cm distance (avoid one row), T14= USG placed at 40 cm distance (avoid two rows), T15= USG placed at 40 cm distance (avoid three rows).USG (1.8 g) placed at 10 cm depth in each case. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. An area of 57.5 m × 19.0 m was divided into three equal blocks. Each block was divided into 16 plots where 16 treatments were allotted randomly. There were 48 unit plots altogether in the experiment. The size of each unit plot was 5.0 m × 3.0 m. The space between two blocks and two plots were 1.0 m and 0.5 m, respectively. The seeds of blackgram were sown on09 September 2012. Before sowing seeds were treated with Bavistin to control the seed-borne disease. The seeds were sown in solid rows in the furrows having a depth of 2-3 cm. Row to row distance was 30 cm. The crop was harvested two times, the first harvest was done on December 06, 2012, and the second harvest was done on December 13, 2012, at full maturity of the crop when the color of the leaf turned yellow and dropped off. The first crop sampling was done 20 days after sowing (DAS) starts from 15 DAS and continued up to harvest. Harvesting of the blackgram was done after 85 days of sowing. Data were recorded for 10 individual plants per plot in each replication. Yield data were also collected after harvest. The plants were separated into shoots including leaves and roots and then their dry weight was recorded after drying them in the oven at 80±2°C for 72 hours. The data obtained from an experiment on various parameters were statistically analyzed by the MSTAT-C computer program. The mean values for all the parameters were calculated and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the characters was accomplished. The significance of differences between pairs of means was tested by the Least Significant Differences (LSD) test at 5 % levels of probability (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS)e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372. Volume 14, Issue 1 Ser. II (January 2021), PP 23-26

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Achievement/Findings:

From the observed data of the present experiment, it may be concluded that the black gram plant gave maximum seed yield when prilled urea given in furrows near the seed may facilitate the plant to uptake maximum nitrogen for better growth, development and yield of black gram.

Knowledge Management: Journal