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Effect of Terminal High Temperature Imposed by Late Sowing on Phenological Traits of Wheat (triticum Aestivuml.)

Md. Nur Alam*
Wheat Research Center (WRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Mannaf
Agricultural Research Station (ARS), BARI, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Md. Abu Zaman Sarker
Wheat Research Sub-station, BARI, Rajbari, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Mst Masuma Akhter
Wheat Research Center, BARI, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

With a view to observe the effect of prevailing air temperature at irrigated late sowing (ILS) conditions on phenological traits of advanced wheat genotypes and to identify heat-tolerant genotypes, the trial was carried out in the research field of Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Nashipur, Dinajpur in the season of 2011-12. The treatments were four dates of sowing viz. 30 Nov (D1), 15 Dec (D2),30 Dec (D3), 14 Jan (D4) and four genotypes viz. BARI Gom 26 (V1), BAW 1051 (V2), BAW 1120 (V3), BAW 1141(V4) . The genotypes V2, V3, and V4were taken as tested genotypes and V1as check. The design was split-plot with three replications. In ILS conditions, the genotypes phased high-temperature stress that significantly reduced the duration of booting, heading, anthesis and physiological maturity stages of all genotypes compared as irrigated timely sowing (ILS, D1) condition since those faced 21 to 25.8^oC average mean temperature during booting to physiological maturity stages from 19 February to 09 April 2012 (10 days interval minimum and maximum temperature were averaged). All genotypes were sown on 30 Nov. and 15 Dec. produced yield more than 4 t ha^-¹ but produced less than 4 t ha^-¹ in other ILS conditions except BAW 1141 seeded on 30 December. Considering overall performance, BAW 1120 and BAW 1141 may be cultivated up to 15 December and 30 December to get yield 3.34 t ha-1 and 4.15 t ha^-1, respectively as heat-tolerant genotypes.

Keywords: Temperature, Phenological traits, Heat tolerant genotypes.

Location: The research field of Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Nashipur, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

The trial was undertaken to find out heat-tolerant suitable genotype (s) for growing in late sowing conditions.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the research field of Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Nashipur, and Dinajpur in the season of 2011-12. The research materials and method are described below: Design and treatment: The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Four genotypes viz. BARI Gom 26 (V1), BAW 1051 (V2), BAW 1120 (V3) and BAW 1141 (V4) were allocated in the sub-plots, and four sowing dates viz. 30 Nov (D1), 15 Dec (D2). 30 Dec (D3), 14 Jan (D4) in the main plots. The unit size of the plot was 4×5 m. Fertilizer and application method in Zoo condition, the land was ploughed five times horizontally with a power tiller. Each of the main plots was fertilized @ 100-27-50-20-1.25-1-5000 kg ha-1as N-P-K-S-Zn-B-Cow dung. The source of N, P, K, S, Zn and B were Urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum, Zinc sulphate and Boric acid, respectively. All the fertilizers and 2/3 rd of urea were applied as basal during final land preparation. SeedingAfter well preparation of land, seeds @ 120 kg ha-1of each variety/lines were sown followed by continuous line sowing 20 cm apart. Before sowing seed, it was treated with Provax 200 WP @ 3 g/Kg seed. Intercultural operationsRest urea was applied as top dressing at the CRI stage followed by first irrigation. The plot was kept free from weeds by spraying herbicide (named affinity) @ 2.5 g/L water after the first irrigation. Mulching was done 28 days after sowing (DAS). Two irrigations were applied during the late booting and early grain filling stages, respectively. No plant protection measures were needed. Data record and analysis: Data on days to booting, heading, anthesis, physiological maturity, yield and yield contributing characters were recorded. Each genotype was harvested after maturity. Recorded data were analyzed statistically followed by MSTATC and the means were separated by the Lsd at a 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR), Vol. 3, No. 3, p. 6-10, 2013 ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online)http://www.innspub.net

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All genotypes were sown on 30 Nov. and 15 Dec. produced yield more than 4 t ha^-¹ but produced less than 4 t ha^-¹ in other ILS conditions except BAW 1141 seeded on 30 December. Considering overall performance, BAW 1120 and BAW 1141 may be cultivated up to 15 December and 30 December to get yield 3.34 t ha^-¹ and 4.15 t ha^-1, respectively as heat-tolerant genotypes.

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