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Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation for Management of Soil Borne Pathogens (2018 - 2019)

MD. MYNUL ISLAM
Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Biotechnology Division, BARI, Gazipur in 2018-19. Four carbon sources viz. rice bran, wheat bran, composted cow dung, seed meal of mustard were applied and saturated with water to made anaerobic conditions. The water-saturated plots were covered with black polythene mulch to see the effect of the incidence of wilt disease on Bt Brinjal-3 and BARI Brinjal-5. Among the four carbon source mustard oil cake (4.4 t/ha) was best in controlling wilt disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and increasing yield. Due to the application of supplemental carbon sources, the soil microbial population increased.

Keywords: Anaerobic, Soil Disinfectation, Soil borne pathogen

Location: The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Biotechnology Division, BARI, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-00-2018

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

The goal of this study is to manage soil bone pathogen to increase crop yield.

Methodology:

Field Experiment: The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Biotechnology Division, BARI, Gazipur. The field was naturally infested with Sclerotiumrolfsii, the causal organism of footrot and wilt disease of brinjal. Different organic matters (rice bran @ 4.4 t/ha, wheat bran @ 4.4 t/ha, composted cow dung @ 10 t/ha, seed meal of mustard @ 4.4 t/ha) as carbon source were added with soil. After application of organic matter, the soil was saturated with water and covered with black polyethylene for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, polyethylene was removed and kept the plot open for 1 week to evaporate gases that toxic to plants. Two brinjal varieties, Bt Brinjal-3 and BARI Brinjal-5 were used to compare the response of the treatments on varieties. The experiment was conducted following a factorial RCB design with four replications. The plot size was 3× 2 m². Seedlings of two brinjal varieties were grown on sterile soil, and 30 days old seedlings were transplanted on the main field, where different organic matter was applied. Recommended doses of urea, TSP and MP fertilizers were applied before transplanting as a top dressing and at the different growth stages of plants. Data on the number of wilted plants and yield were recorded. Disease incidence data were recorded at 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 30 days after transplanting.

Soil population counting: Before application of different treatments and covering the plots with polythene, 250 g soil from each plot was collected. Similarly, one week after removing the polythene from each plots, 250 g soli was collected. Soils collected before and after application of treatments were sent to laboratory. Microbial population of soil samples (before treatment and after treatment) were counted by serial dilation (10^-3) and plating on potato dextrose agar medium. After 48 h of platting, colonies were counted

Data analysis: Data were analyzed using statistical software “R”with package (Agricolae). Mean was separated following Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD) valuesof mean of each treatments and varieties.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2018-19, Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The disease incidence was ranged from 0 to 20.83% in different plots amended with different organic matters. The lowest disease incidence was recorded in treatment T₃ and T₄ where the soil was amended with wheat bran and mustard oil cake, respectively and they were significantly lower than the incidence of other treatments. Similarly, plots treated with mustard oilcake had significantly higher yield compared to yield of cow dung, wheat bran treated plots and also higher than control plots.No significant difference was observed between the incidence of Bt Brinjal-3 and BARI Brinjal-5. Both pathogenic and unidentified fungi and bacteria were recovered from the soil of treated and untreated plots. Among the pathogenic fungi, Fusarium spp., Rgizoctoniaspp, Sclerotiumrolfsii were recovered. Beneficial fungus Trichoderma spp. was also recovered. Interestingly, the number of unidentified fungi and bacteria were increased after the application of carbon sources and the number of pathogenic fungi were decreased

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings