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Effectiveness of Soil and Foliar Applications of Zinc and Boron on the Yield of Sweet Pepper (2015-2016)

H. M. NASER
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

S. SULTANA
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

S. AKHTER
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

R. A. BEGUM
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was carried out to study the effectiveness of soil and foliar application of micronutrients on the yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, located at 23º59′26″ N and 90º24′52″ E. The micronutrients zinc (Zn) in the form of zinc sulphate (ZnSO₄.7H₂O) as zinc source at the rate of 0.05 % and boron (B) in the form of boric acid (H₃BO₃) at the rate of 0.03% were applied as foliar spray at three different stages of plant growth i.e (i) before flower initiation; (ii) after fruit set when it becomes approximately marble sized; and (iii) at 20 days interval of second spray. The sweet pepper yield and its contributing yield traits were significantly affected by foliar fertilizer treatments as against soil application of B and Zn fertilizers. Among various treatments, foliar application of Zn (0.05 %) + B (0.03%) produced maximum fruit yield (7901 kg ha^-1) while the control no use of Zn (0.0) and B (0.0) produced minimum (3978 kg ha^-1) and it was statistically differed with soil application of B and Zn @ 2 and 6 kg ha^-1 (T₅), respectively. The increment of yield was 13.3 to 98.6% and 32.4 to 58.5%, respectively, over control and soil application.

Keywords: Capsicum, Sweet pepper, Fertilizer, Zinc, Boron

Location: The micronutrient experimental field, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Micronutrient, Capsicum

Objectives:

(i) to identify a suitable combination of Zn and B fertilization for sweet pepper production; and (ii) to compare the effects of the method of micronutrient application foliar vs. soil fertilization on yield of sweet pepper.

Methodology:

Field research was conducted at micronutrient experimental field, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, located at 23º59′26″ N and 90º24′52″ E. The experiment was laid out in a RCB design with three replications. The unit plot was 3 m × 1.5 m. Two adjacent unit plots were separated by 50 cm and 50 cm space was given between the blocks. Land was separated in to two part viz., a. – part for foliar application and b. – part for soil application. Part (a) was consist of 12 unit plot and (b) part was consists of 3 unit plot. During final land preparation on 24 November 2015, fertilizers were applied to the soil at the rate of N₁₄₀, P₄₅, K₉₀ and S₁₈ kg ha^–1 as urea, triple supper phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum respectively, in both (a) and (b) applications plot. For soil fertilization, at the same time B and Zn was applied at the rate of 2 and 6 kg ha^–1 in soil application part (b). BARI misty morich-1 was used in this experiment. Healthy and uniform sized 30 days old seedlings were transplanted at 60 cm × 25 cm spacing on 26 November 2015. Inter cultural operations were done as and when needed.

Foliar application

To study the effect of Zn and B as foliar spray on yield of sweet pepper, two micronutrients Zn and B at a single rate alone and at different combinations in the form of zinc sulphate (ZnSO₄.7H₂O) containing 23 % Zn at the rate of 0.05 % and boric acid (H₃BO₃) having 18 % boron at the rate of 0.03 % were applied as foliar spray at three different stages of plant growth (i) before flower initiation; (ii) after fruit set when it becomes approximately marble sized; and (iii) at 20 days interval of second spray. The treatment combinations of foliar spray of Zn and B were T₁: Zn (0.0 %) + B (0.0%) – control; T₂: Zn (0.05 %) + B (0.0%); T₃: Zn (0.0 %) + B (0.03%; and T₄: Zn (0.05 %) + B (0.03%). Soil fertilization treated as T₅: Zn (6) and B (2) kg ha^-1 was applied basal as stated above.

The solution of all treatments were prepared and contained urea at the rate of 0.08 % to activate mineral absorption and surf (detergent) used as wetting agent at the rate of 0.01 % for reducing contact angle between the liquid and leaf surface. The volume of water 1.0 liter plant^-1 was estimated (3 split at three different stages of plant growth viz., 300 ml + 300 ml + 400 ml of solution, approximate) to wet completely the sweet pepper plant. The spray solution was prepared separately on the basis of 2.17 mg and 1.67 mg of ZnSO₄.7H₂O and H₃BO₃in 1.0 liter of water respectively. Urea at the rate of 1.74 mg and surf 0.1 mg liter^-1 as a wetting agent were applied along with each treatment. The foliar spray contained Zn (0.05%) and B (0.03%), amended with surfactant to curtail water desertion during the spray process, to ensure the nutrients adhered to the leaf surface, and to maximize uptake by foliage. Data were collected on plant height (cm), number of fruits per plant, fruit length (cm), diameter (cm), thickness (cm), fruit fresh wt (g) and yield (t ha^-1) of sweet pepper and recorded data were analyzed statistically and means were compared by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test using Excel Statistics version 4.0 (Esumi Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2015-2016, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Above results indicated the positive impact of foliar application on sweet pepper cultivation and treatment effects is visible. However, this is first year results, it is needed some modification in treatment combination for further study of effectiveness of soil and foliar applications of Zn and B on the yield of sweet pepper emphasizing mechanical control measures.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings