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Effect of Biofertilizer, Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizers on Bushbean (2015-2016)

F. ALAM
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. I. A. HOWLADER
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. A. H. BHUIYAN
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at Central Farm, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rahmatpur, Barisal to evaluate the effect of Rhizobium biofertilizer, vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on bushbean during the rabi season of 2015-2016. The crop variety was BARI Jharseem-1 and Rhizobium strain was BARI RPv-702. There were nine treatments viz. T₁: Control, T₂: Vermicompost (VC) @ 2.5 t ha^-1, T₃: VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1, T₄: VC @ 2.5 t ha^-1 + Integrated Plant Nutrient System (IPNS) based NPKSZnB, T₅: VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1 + IPNS based NPKSZnB, T₆: VC @ 2.5 t ha^-1 + Rhizobium + IPNS based PKSZnB, T₇: VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1 + Rhizobium + IPNS based PKSZnB, T₈: 100%NPKSZnB, T₉: Rhizobium + 100%PKSZnB which were replicated four times. Peat based rhizobial inoculum was used at the rate of 1.5 kg ha^-1 as seed inoculant. The Rhizobium inoculated bushbean with VC 5.0 t ha^-1 and IPNS based PKSZnB increased nodule number (14.8 plant^-1), nodule weight (22.9 mg plant^-1) and plant height (34.1 cm). It was observed that VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1 + Rhizobium + IPNS based PKSZnB fertilizers produced the highest pod yield (16.8 pod plant^-1), stover yield (3.9 t ha^-1), green pod yield (15.8 t ha^-1, 83.7% higher over control) and seed yield (1.83 t ha^-1, 123% higher over control) of bushbean. This green pod yield was statistically identical with all other treatments except control treatment, VC @ 2.5 t ha^-1 and VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1, and seed yield was identical with VC @ 2.5 t ha^-1 + IPNS based NPKSZnB, VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1 + IPNS based NPKSZnB, VC @ 2.5 t ha^-1 + Rhizobium + IPNS based PKSZnB and VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1 + Rhizobium + IPNS based PKSZnB but differed from other treatments. This indicates that application of vermicompost @ 5.0 t ha^-1 plus Rhizobium can reduce a considerable amount of chemical fertilizers. Vermicompost exhibited better performance in bushbean. To improve soil health and to maintain it as well as to improve crop production, we have to reduce chemical fertilizer. From one year trial, it can be concluded that VC 5.0 t ha^-1 and Rhizobium along with IPNS based chemical fertilizers except N may be recommended for bushbean cultivation in the southwestern region, Barisal (Non–calcareous Grey Floodplain Soils under AEZ 13). Further studies and economic analysis are required for final recommendation.

Keywords: Bio-fertilizer, Vermicompost, Bushbean, Nutrient, Chemical fertilizer, AEZ

Location: Central Farm, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rahmatpur, Barisal, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Bio fertilizer, Soil fertility

Objectives:

To study the effect of bio-fertilizer and vermicompost on yield of bushbean, and find out nutrient uptake and reduce the chemical fertilizer in bushbean cultivation.

Methodology:

A field experiment was carried out on 04 December 2015 during rabi season at Central Farm, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rahmatpur, Barisal, (22.42^o N latitude, 90.23^o E longitude and above 4 m elevation from sea level). Rahmatpur soil belongs to the Barisal series of non calcareous grey floodplain soil (AEZ-13). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. There were nine treatments viz. T₁: Control (non-inoculated and non-fertilized), T₂: Vermicompost (VC) @ 2.5 t ha^-1, T₃: VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1, T₄: VC @ 2.5 t ha^-1 + IPNS based NPKSZnB, T₅: VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1 + IPNS based NPKSZnB, T₆: VC @ 2.5 t ha^-1 + Rhizobium + IPNS based PKSZnB, T₇: VC @ 5.0 t ha^-1 + Rhizobium + IPNS based PKSZnB, T₈: 100% NPKSZnB, T₉: Rhizobium + 100% PKSZnB. The tested crop was bushbean (cv. BARI Jharseem-1). Peat-based rhizobial inoculum (Rhizobium strain BARI RPv-702) was used containing 10⁸ cells g^-1 inoculum was used at the rate of 1.5 kg ha^-1. Bushbean seeds were mixed thoroughly with the inoculum before sowing. The unit plots measured 2 m × 3 m. Seeds were used at the rate of 75 kg ha^-1. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, zinc and boron were used in the form of urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid, respectively. All P, K, S, Zn, B, vermicompost and ¹/₃^rd urea-N were applied at the time of final land preparation and the remaining ²/₃rd urea-N was applied in two equal installments at 20 and 45 days of sowing. All the intercultural operations such as irrigation, weeding, insect control etc. were done as and when necessary. Vermicompost was prepared from kitchen waste of Gazipur municipality and used in the plot mixed with soil. Nodules were collected by carefully uprooting five sample plants selected randomly from each unit plot at the 50 percent flowering stage. Nodules were separated from the roots, counted and then oven-dried and weighed. Data on yield and yield components were recorded at maturity. The crop was harvested from 23 February 2016 to 15 March 2016. The initial soil samples at a depth of 0-15 cm from the experimental fields were collected and analyzed following standard methods. The vermicompost used in this experiment was also analyzed. Data on yield and yield contributing characters were recorded and statistical analyses were conducted using standard statistical procedures (Gomez and Gomez 1984) implemented in Statistix 10. The data were examined by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Differences between the treatments were determined by ANOVA, and Fisher’s protected least significant difference (LSD) was calculated at the 0.05 probability level for treatment mean comparisons. Methods of chemical analysis: Soil pH was measured by a combined glass calomel electrode (Jackson, 1958). Organic carbon was determined by the wet oxidation method (Walkley and Black, 1947). Total N was determined by modified Kjeldahl method. Calcium, K and Mg were determined by NH₄OAc extraction method. Copper, Fe, Mn and Zn were determined by DTPA extraction followed by AAS reading. Boron was determined by CaCl₂ extraction method. Phosphorus was determined by Bray and Kurtz method (Acid soils) and Modified Olsen method (Neutral + Calcareous soils). Sulphur was determined by CaH₄(PO₄)₂.H₂O extraction followed by turbidimetric turbidity method with BaCl_2.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2015-2016, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

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Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

Application of vermicompost @ 5.0 t ha^-1 plus Rhizobium can reduce considerable amounts of chemical fertilizers. Vermicompost exhibited better performance in bushbean. To improve soil health and to maintain it as well as to improve crop production, we have to reduce chemical fertilizer. As the yield was higher in T₇ treatment, poor farmers can adopt this treatment. From one year trial, it can be concluded that vermicompost @ 5.0 t ha^-1 and Rhizobium along with IPNS based chemical fertilizers (except N) may be recommended for bushbean cultivation in southwestern region, Barisal (Non–calcareous Grey Floodplain Soils under AEZ 13). Further one or two years studies at Barisal and at different AEZs, and economic analysis are required for final recommendation.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings