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Measurement of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties for Horticulture Research Farm of BARI (2015-2016)

M. J. ALAM
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

N. C. SHIL
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A. T. M. A. I. MONDOL
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A. BARMAN
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

R. A. BEGUM
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An inventory work for the measurement of soil physical and chemical properties of Horticulture Research Farm of BARI was conducted during 2015-16. A total of 51 composite soil samples maintaining 3 depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) were collected from Block 29 and 30 (including organic sub-block) under Horticultural Research Farm of BARI, Gazipur. The upper two layers of soil represent sandy loam texture while subsoil (40-60) belongs to sandy clay loam, which reflects the intensity of sand deposition due to land development with imported soil. Bulk density varied from 1.41 to 1.77 g cc^-1 where topsoil showed a lower result than the subsoil. Sub-block 8 (Pathology) gave the lower bulk density. The field capacity (FC) value varied from 24.18 to 34.87% where the highest result was observed in the organic sub-block and the lowest in sub-block 10 (Soil Science). On average, vegetable sub-blocks showed a lower FC. The lower moisture retention in the topsoil due to excessive sand might have created drainage congestion in the substratum. the pH of the studied soil appeared to be practically neutral. Subsoil yielded a relatively lower pH value. Organic matter content in blocks 29 and 30 found to be very low with extremely poor in the substratum. The topmost layer of organic sub-block contained a reasonably good amount of organic matter. The content of total-N was very low except few topsoils of an organic sub-block. The content of P and S was optimum to high with few exceptions. The soil retained a good amount of basic cations including K. The soil also found rich in zinc, boron and other micronutrient contents. In general, subblocks of block 30 appeared to be more fertile than sub-blocks of 29. In the case of organic sub-block, poultry manure treated plots retained more moisture and showed less bulk density, more field capacity, more organic matter and almost all nutrient elements than cowdung treated ones but no changes were seen for soil texture. The sandy textured soil need to manage enriching organic matter content through green manuring and composting in order to achieve a congenial physical, chemical and biological environment. Deposition of further sand would ruin soil health.

Keywords: Physical properties, Chemical properties, BARI farm, Crop suitability, Physical environment, Soil fertility, AEZ

Location: Horticulture Research Farm of BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Physico-Chemical

Objectives:

To determine the physical and chemical properties of BARI farm and to provide message on crop suitability based on physical environment

Methodology:

An inventory work for the measurement of physical and chemical properties of soils under Horticulture Research Farm of BARI was carried out during 2015-2016. A total of 51 composite soil samples maintaining 3 depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) were collected from 10 sub-blocks of block 30 and 7 sub-blocks of block 29. Sub-block 29/8 represents an organic block. Soil samples were collected using spade, khurpi, sabol and scale along with taking GPS reading (Table-1). The soil samples were dried at room temperature mixed thoroughly, grinded, sieved with a 2 mm sieve and preserved in plastic containers for subsequent laboratory analysis. Soil moisture was determined by gravimetric method (dry weight basis) and bulk density through volume basis. Texture and field capacity was done through the hydrometric and pressure plate method, respectively. Chemical properties like pH, OM, total N, P, K and S were determined through glass electrode pH meter method, wet oxidation method, kjeldahal method, Olsen method, NH₄OAC method and turbidimetric method, respectively Micronutrients were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2015-2016, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Sub-blocks under block 30 appeared to be more fertile than sub-blocks of 29 except sub-blocks 4 and 7. Relatively high land sub-blocks are under intensive cultivation throughout the year found to be fertile than the low land sub-blocks might be due to frequent fertilizer application. In the case of organic block poultry manure treated plot showed more moisture, less bulk density, higher field capacity, more organic matter and all most all nutrient elements than cowdung and control plots but soil texture was the same. The tested soils retained a relatively good amount of nutrient content except total N and boron. The organic matter content was also low except for topsoils of the organic sub-block. However, the soils appeared to be poor in physical properties as indicated by higher bulk density, low water holding capacity, and compaction in subsoil due to plough pan. An inhomogeneous mixture of sand in the topsoil and clay in the substratum might create drainage congestion with hindrance in nutrient flows. Further deposition of sand may aggravate the problem. Soil needs to be managed with organic manuring, crop residue recycling, green manuring over the years to develop its physical health.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings