Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

The Potential for Homestead Pond Polyculture of Tilapia and Carps in Coastal Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Wahab
WorldFish, Bangladesh and South Asia Office, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh

Md. Jimi Reza
WorldFish, Bangladesh and South Asia Office, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh

Mir Mohammad Ali
Department of Aquaculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-120, Bangladesh

Md. Nahiduzzaman
WorldFish, Bangladesh and South Asia Office, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh

Michael J. Phillips
WorldFish Head Quarter, Penang, Malaysia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A fishers’ women-led Participatory Action Research (PAR) was conducted in 30 homestead ponds to assess the potential for polyculture of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and major carps Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Catla (Catla catla) in two coastal fishing villages of Bangladesh. Three treatments, namely T₁ (Tilapia 200 fish per decimal; 1 decimal=40 m2), T₂(Tilapia 200+ Rohu 32+ Catla 8 fish per decimal) and T₃ (Tilapia 200+ Rohu 8+ Catla 32 fish per decimal), each with 5 replicates, were tried in Hossainpur and Anipara villages. Formulated commercial Mega-feed was applied to the ponds twice daily at an initial rate of 10% body weight (bw)/day of Tilapia down to 4% bw/day throughout the culture period. The water quality parameters of ponds including transparency, salinity and dissolved oxygen significantly varied among treatments except temperature and pH and remained within the optimum range for carp polyculture except salinity. The survival rate, harvesting weight and yield of Tilapia were significantly highest in T₁ (85.63±05%, 258.59±18.76 g & 11073±805 kg/ha, respectively) in Anipara and lowest in T₃ (75.63±0.37%, 136.97±10.63 g & 5180±406 kg/ha, respectively) in Hossainpur. The gross fish production was significantly highest in T₁ (11354±806 kg/ha) of Anipara and lowest in T1 (6325±227 kg/ha) of Hossainpur. Statistically, the highest net return (866,627±84874 BDT/ha) was found in T₁ of Anipara and lowest in T₃ (279,389±46104 BDT/ha) of Hossainpur with a significantly higher benefit-cost ratio (BCR) obtained in T₁ (3.26±0.20) for Tilapia and lower in T₃ (1.58±0.10) for polyculture Tilapia and carp of Hossainpur. Therefore, it may be concluded that Tilapia production in small homestead coastal ponds has a higher potential than its mix with carps in polyculture for generating food and supplemental income opportunity for coastal fishers’ women in Bangladesh.

Keywords: PAR, Tilapia, Carps, Polyculture, Bangladesh

Location: Kalapara Upazila, Patuakhali district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 20-09-2015

End Date: 18-03-2016

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Fish, Farming System

Objectives:

To indetify the Homestead Pond Polyculture of Tilapia and Carps in Coastal Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Location and Duration of Experiment: The experiment was carried out from September 20, 2015 to March 18, 2016 (180 days) in 30 homestead ponds located in two fishing villages (Anipara and Hossainpur) in the Kalapara Upazila (an administrative unit equivalent to sub-district), Patuakhali district. Ponds were selected randomly from a list of 150 ponds in the study sites. Pond size, water area, water depth and key environmental parameters of all selected ponds were estimated before setting up the experiment. Ponds, in two villages, have slight variation in salinity regimes, but all are hypo-saline. Design of the Experiment: The research design consisted of three treatments, namely T₁ (Tilapia 200 fish per decimal; 1 decimal=40 m2 ), T₂ (Tilapia 200+ Rohu 32+ Catla 8 fish per decimal) & T₃ (Tilapia 200+ Rohu 8+ Catla 32 fish per decimal) in Hossainpur and Anipara, each with five replicates. Before starting the experiment, all ponds were drained, dried and limed with powdered CaCO₃ at 1 kg/decimal. The ponds were filled up with rain. After 7 days of liming, the ponds were fertilized with 240 g/decimal urea and 116g/decimal triple super phosphate (TSP). The stocking was done on September 20, 2015. Sources of Fingerlings: Fingerlings of GIFT (Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia) and carps (Rohu and Catla) were collected from Sikder Nursery, Kalapara Upazila under Patuakhali district. Both the Tilapia fry and carp fingerlings were carried out from nursery to the experimental ponds in oxygenated polyethylene bags. The fingerlings of Tilapia, Rohu and Catla were on average 6.8 cm, 22.1 cm and 7.6 cm in length and 6.6 g, 22.1 g and 6.3 g in weight, respectively. Selection of Feed: Mega floating feed (commercially produced in Bangladesh) was selected for the present experiment. This pellet feed was examined and found to have appreciable water stability and high nutritive value. The different types of “Mega Feed” with proximate composition are nursery feed (crude protein-36.15%, lipid-12.24% & carbohydrate-23.48%), starter feed (crude protein-33.41%, lipid-12.10% & carbohydrate-28.48%), and grower feed (crude protein-30.11%, lipid-11.26% & carbohydrate-31.43%). Feeding Strategy: Fingerlings were fed at the rate of 10% of body weight at the beginning of the experiment. The feeding rate was gradually reduced to 6% and 4% of the body weight in 2nd and 3rd month, respectively. The feeds were provided two times per day, in the morning (at 9.00 AM) and in the afternoon (at 4.00 PM). The feeds were dispersed by hand or pot broadcasted over the pond water. Water Quality Parameters: Water quality parameters like temperature, water transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH and salinity were measured at fortnightly intervals, always at around the same hour (9.00 AM). Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and salinity were analyzed on the spot using a Multi-Parameter detection device (Model No. HACH 40d, HACH Instruments Ltd, USA) and transparency was measured using a Secchi disc. Weight and Length Gain: Weight and length gain of experimental fish were calculated from the following formula: Weight gain (g) = mean final fish weight (g) – mean initial fish weight (g), Length gain (cm) = mean final fish length (cm) – mean initial fish length (cm). Economic Analysis: A simple economic analysis was performed to estimate the net profit from different treatments. The net return (profit) was measured by deducting the gross cost from the gross income incurred per pond. The benefit-cost ratio was also measured as a ratio of gross income to gross cost. The cost of inputs was calculated on the basis of wholesale market prices of 2016. Statistical Analysis: Experimental data were analyzed with statistical software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 16. Fish data were analyzed through one-way ANOVA to test the effect of different treatments on the performance of each fish species. The survival and specific growth rate (SGR) data were normalized using the arcsine of the square root transformation. Water quality data were also analyzed through One-way ANOVA using the average value of the parameter in different treatments. When the main effect was significant, the ANOVA was followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Journal of Fisheries Science | Volume 01 | Issue 01 | March 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): https://ojs.bilpublishing.com/index.php/jfs

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this participatory action research fishers’ women have been empowered and their capacity in pond aquaculture has been tremendously developed. Between two sets of culture systems in two villages, the growth and production of fish were higher in Ainipara village ponds than those of Hossainpur. The exact reason for this difference is difficult to reveal from a single piece of research, however, water salinity and pond depth may cause this difference. The pond water salinity was lower and pond depth was higher in Anipara. Tilapia monoculture was found the best-performed technology among all ponds that was also shadowed by relatively lower production in Hossainpur ponds. Polyculture of Tilapia-carp with a higher number of Rohu showed better performance in the ponds of Hossainpur. Since Catla is a zooplankton feeder and feeds on the surface it may have competed with tilapia to some extent and may reduce the growth of tilapia. Rohu, on another side, is more robust in its dietary diversity and feeds on phytoplankton at the pond column and thus may not have directly affected the niche of tilapia neither its growth. Overall, tilapia monoculture is a suitable technology for coastal ponds, however tilapia-carp polyculture with rohu may be considered suitable considering the desire of the fishing households for polyculture instead of only tilapia monoculture.

Knowledge Management: Journal