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Collection, Conservation, Characterization of Garlic and Onion

M. A. Rahman
Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh-2202.

M. A. H. Bhuyan
Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh-2202.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The project was carried out to collect, conserve and characterize of garlic & onion germplasm and developed suitable onion seed production technologies at BAU-germplasm Center, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Maymensingh during period from 13 May 2009 to 31 July 2011. Physio-morphological Characterization of 25 Garlic Genotypes has been completed. Sixteen (16) promising garlic germplasm out of 25 have been from better in respect to their growth and yield performance (6-9.6 t/ha). Among these the highest yield (9.6 t/ha) was observed from garlic germplasm G 49 ( Vietnam-2009) and it has been registered from National Seed Board of Bangladesh BAU Garlic-3 (Reg, No. 05(14)-05/2011). Morpho physiological characterization of 11 onion germplasm has also been completed. Six (6) promising onion germplasm out of 11 have selected on their growth and yield performance (10-60 t/ha). Among these, the highest yield (15.60 t/ha) was observed from onion germplasm 0-8. Allicin content of 26 local accessions and 12 USDA accessions was estimated in last year (2009-2010). It was observed that allicin was found in both clove and leaves of all local garlic genotypes. USDA clove contains higher allicin than local genotypes. Among the local germplasm G13 clove contained higher allicin (2.4 mg/ml) and G15 leaves contained higher allicin (1.9 mg/ml). An experiment which was conducted to know the performance of selecgted garlic germplasm under zero tillage (under chalan beel) condition. Among the selected 8 garlic germplasm BAU garlic-1 showed highest yield (7.2 t/ha & 6.3 t/ha) in both dry land and zero tillage condition followed by BAU garlic -2 (7.0 t/ha to 6.2 t/ha). The lowest yield (5.53 t/ha and 5.10 t/ha) in both dry land and zero tillage condition was observed in Garlic-33, respectively. Under field validation with different organic practices were also conducted to know the suitable organic manure and date of planting on the yield and quality of onion seed under this project. Poultry manure (paragon) found to be the best for yield and quality of onion seed production if planted on 31 October.

Keywords: Collection, conservation, characterization, garlic, onion

Location: BAU Germplasm Centre, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

Start Date: 13-05-2009

End Date: 31-07-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity:

Objectives:

1. To collect, preserve, characterize and varietal development of garlic and onion

2. To fingerprint different germplasm of onion and garlic

3. To develop suitable production system fro onion seed and garlic production.

4. To register promising varieties through national seed board.

Methodology:

Short day tropical cultivates of onion and garlic will be collected and the nature of these cultivars will be tested trough on farm research, Bulb productivity trials will be evaluated for both crops, and seed production potential measures for onion. Based on preliminary results at BAU, a more local germplasm will be collected and planted in the horticulture farm as well as GPC (GermplasmCenter) of Horticultural Crop improvement project. More trails of short day tropical garlic will be initiated to better selected for clones with higher yield potential, long shelf life, and higher allicin content. Training of famers, homestead owners, rural youth and women in respect of crop production crop management, nutrition, income generation & marketing. Training of the trainers (TOT): Research supervisors of various GO, NGO personnel will be conducted. Liaison between NGO like CAR, VFFP, CARITAS, WVB (World vison Bangladesh), PROSHIKA, RDRS will be made. Molecular characterizatin of the collected onion and garlic varieties using DNA based marker techniques.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agricultural University Research Progress, Volume-22, 2011. Proceedings of the workshop of BAU Research Progress, 02-03 April 2012.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was observed that allicin was found in both clove and leaves of all local garlic genotypes. USDA clove contains higher allicin than local genotypes. Among the local germplasm G13 clove contained higher allicin (2.4 mg/ml) and G15 leaves contained higher allicin (1.9 mg/ml).

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings