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Growth Performance and Proximate Composition of Grey Mullet Liza Parsia at Different Salinities

Joyanta Bir
Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Rimu Das
Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Md Rony Golder
Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Shikder Saiful Islam
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Australia

Prinka Paul
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore

Md. Imran Noor
Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Md Rofiqul Islam
Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Sarower Emahfuj
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Australia

Alokesh Kumar Ghosh
Department of Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium

Khandaker Anisul Huq
Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to evaluate growth, survivability, and proximate composition of Liza parsia at different salinities to adopt as a potential aquaculture species in salinity intruded coastal areas of Bangladesh. The experiment was carried out at laboratory conditions in rectangular tanks (25 L) with five different salinities viz. 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppt correspondingly considered as T₁ (control), T₂, T₃, T₄ and T₅. Fingerlings were collected from the Pashur river and stocked at 10 individual/25L tank. After 90 days of culture period, growth was found significantly different among the treatments. Average weight gain was highest in T₂ (1.76±0.19) and lowest inT5 (0.91±0.15). Interestingly survival rate was found 100(%) in all treatment. Specific growth rate was 0.829±0.10, 1.162±0.14, 0.744±0.2, 0.736±0.10 and 0.605±0.15 respectively in T₁, T₂, T₃, T₄ and T₅. Average daily gain was found higher in T₁ (0.059± 0.006g/d), compared to other treatment. The average food conversion ratios were 0.78±0.06, 1±0.00, 0.69±0.06, 0.78±0.22 and 1.035±0.25 in T₁, T₂, T₃, T₄ and T₅ in five tanks, respectively. Better water quality parameters were observed in T₂. The temperature ranged from 28-30.3ºC, pH from 7.21-7.64, DO from 5.01-5.68 ppm, hardness from 184.55-237.65mg/l and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) ranged from 0.52-0.85 mg/l. No significant change was observed in the proximate composition of fish reared at different salinities. Finally, it could be concluded that L. parsia can tolerate a wide range of salinity and can be cultured even in freshwater, thus might be a potential species for coastal aquaculture.

Keywords: Liza parsia, Salinity, Proximate composition

Location: Fish wet lab and fish nutrition lab of Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2019

End Date: 00-09-2019

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish, Water salinity

Objectives:

To determine the growth, survivability, proximate composition and aquaculture prospects and to adopt as a candidate aquaculture species in salinity intruded coastal area.

Methodology:

Experiment set up: The experiment was conducted in rectangular shape fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) tanks (25L, 49.53 x 30.48 x 34.29 cm) at fish wet lab and fish nutrition lab of Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology Discipline, Khulna University. Experiment was designed with five different salinities expressed as T₂ (5 ppt), T₃ (10 ppt), T₄ (15 ppt) and T₅ (20 ppt) with a control group T₁ of zero salinities. The experiment period was 90 days from July 2019 to September 2019. The stocking density was (10 individuals/25L tank) equal to each treatment. Sample collection and tank salinity management: Fingerlings were collected from the wild source, Pashur River and acclimatized with de-chlorinated brackish water for ten days before treated with salt solutions. Saline water was made by mixing sea salt with lab water while control was normal tube well water. Tank water salinization was done by sea salt and desired salinity level (5, 10, 15 and 20 ppt) was maintained by using S₁V₁=S₂V₂ dilution equation. All the mentioned salinity levels were maintained throughout the experimental period by regular applications of sea salt following its measurement by salinity meter (Condi 330i, WTW 82362 Weilheim Germany) to ensure the required salinity level on daily basis. Uninterrupted aeration was provided throughout the experimental period. Feed and feeding management: Commercial feed containing 35% crude protein,7% crude fat, 25% carbohydrate, 12% moisture, 4% fiber, 17% ash, 3.2% calcium and 1.5% phosphorus was given twice in a day at 10:00 hours and 17:00 hours at 10% of the total body weight for first month and 8% of body weight for last two months. Aeration and water exchange system: Continuous aeration was provided through small aquarium aerator (Aquarium Air Pump, model SOBO SB-248A) for nonstop supply of oxygen. Everyday 20% water was exchanged for maintaining the water quality and removal of uneaten feed from the tank. Measurement of growth parameters: Sampling was done weekly, and all specimens (10/Tank) were taken from each tank for the measurement of length (cm) and weight (g). At the end of the experiment, all the survived fish were harvested to determine growth performance and survival rate and proximate composition analysis. Proximate composition analysis: The proximate composition such as protein, lipid, ash and moisture contents were measured at the time of stocking and after final harvesting in order to compare the values before and after the salt treatment. Protein was determined by measuring the percentage of nitrogen (%N) into the sample multiplied with conversion factor (6.25) using micro Kjeldahl method. The percentage of gross portentous nitrogen (%N) was calculated following (Lim 1987). Water quality parameters measurement: Water samples were taken at 7 days interval from each treatment and control. Salinity was measured by a Refractometer (ATAGO CO. LTD, Japan, Master- T 2312), temperature was measured by using a Digital Thermometer (DIGITAL THERMOME-TER, made in China). pH was measured by using a pH meter (HACH, Sension 3, USA). Dissolved oxygen was measured by a DO meter (PDO-519, made in Taiwan, Lutron) and Total Ammonia nitrogen (TAN) measured by following Nessler method. Titrimetric method was used to determine alkalinity and hardness. Statistical analysis: All the data were presented as mean±SE of the mean and were tested for homogeneity of variance using Leven’s test. Aone-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the differences in growth of L. parsia, body composition, feed utilization efficiencies and percentages and survival among the experimental groups.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. (2020) 32(2) : 277-286

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Salinity is clearly a crucial factor that directly affects the growth and body composition of L. parsia. As being a euryhaline species L. parsia can survive in a wide range of salinity level that has already been proven through our experiment. However, their better growth performance shown at 5 ppt which is very common salinity ranges in coastal area of Bangladesh. On the other hand, increasing salinity doesn’t hamper the biochemical composition of the fishes. Because of delicious taste and nutritious value this species has huge public demand and having reasonable market price. In this context, this species can be introduced as a potential aquaculture species in these salinities intruded coastal region of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal