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Effect of Biochar and Chemical Fertilizers in Different Bed Condition on the Growth and Yield of Brinjal (2018–2019)

F.S. Shikha
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. Yasmin
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.A. Rahman
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

S. Akhter
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field trial was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jamalpur during the period of 2018-2019. The objectives of the study were to observe the biochar and chemical fertilizers in different bed conditions to improve soil health and increase yield. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with two factors (biochar rate and different bed conditions) having three treatments in each factor replicated thrice. Three biochar rate were: C₁= 100% Recommended Dose of Chemical Fertilizer (RDCF) + biochar (0 t ha ^-1), C₂= C₁+ biochar (5 t ha^-1) and C₃= C₁+ biochar (10 t ha^-1), and three bed conditions were: B₁ = flatbed (0 cm), B₂ = normal bed (8 cm) and B₃ = raised bed (15 cm). There were nine treatment combinations. The highest numbers of leaves, total fresh and dry weights were given a positive effect with the biochar addition compared to the no addition of the biochar to the soil in different bed conditions. The individual fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit no. plant^-1and yield showed significant results. The highest yield (40.47 t ha^-1) was obtained from the combination of biochar (10 t ha^-1) with normal (8 cm) bed conditions which were statistically identical with the combination of biochar (10 t ha^-1) with raised (15 cm) bed condition. The lowest yield (34.18 t ha^-1) was obtained from the combination of biochar (0 t ha^-1) with flat (0 cm) bed conditions. Moreover, biochars can be used as soil amendments and improving soil fertility.

Keywords: Chemical fertilizers, Growth, Performance, Eggplant, Soil fertility, Biochar

Location: Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2018

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Brinjal

Objectives:

To broaden the information base concerning how biochar amendment influences growth performance of eggplant and soil fertility overall carbon sequestration.

Methodology:

The experiment was started in the year 2018-2019 at the field of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) under Jamalpur district in Bangladesh. Before initiation of the experiment, the soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-20 cm for each replication and analyzed following standard methods. The chemical properties of soils in the experimental site were silty clay loam in texture belonging to Sonatola series under Agro-Ecological Zone-8/9 (AEZ-8/9), 24?56´11´´N latitude and 89?55´54´´E longitude and an altitude of 16.46m. The nutrient status of initial soil prior to fertilization is presented. The biochar was produced using rice husk that locally collected. The biochar was produced using pyrolysis method and achieved by loading the rice husk in the drum covered with a metal sheet at the top. The rice husk was burnt in the presence of little oxygen. The burnt husks were then ground and used as biochar. The chemical compositions (such as organic carbon, N, P, K, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mg, Ca and pH) of biochar were determined. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with two factors (biochar rate and different bed conditions) having three treatments in each factor replicated thrice. Three biochar rate were: C₁= 100% Recommended Dose of Chemical Fertilizer (RDCF) + biochar (0 t ha^-1), C₂= C₁ + biochar (5 t ha^-1) and C₃= C₁= + biochar (10 t ha^-1), and three bed conditions were B₁ = flat bed ( 0 cm), B₂ = normal bed (8 cm) and B₃ = raised bed (15 cm ). The unit plot size was 1.9 m x 1.5 m. There were nine treatment combinations. The tested crop was brinjal (cv. Islampuri, local). The unit plot measured 1.9 m x 1.5 m. Equal size healthy thirty-five days old seedlings of brinjal were transplanted on 17 November 2018 with a spacing of 100 cm from row to row and 75 cm from plant to plant. Half of cow dung, TSP, and a full dose of biochar, gypsum, boric acid should be applied at the time of final land preparation. The remaining half of cowdung, TSP fertilizer should be applied in the pit before one week of transplanting seedlings. The full dose of urea and MoP fertilizer should be applied in three equal splits at 20, 40 and 60 DAT as a ring method around the plants and mixed thoroughly with the soil as soon as possible for better utilization. All the intercultural operations such as irrigation, weeding, insect control etc. were done as and when necessary. Data were collected on the following parameters; plant height (cm) using meter rule, individual fruit weight (g), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit no. plant^-1, fresh weight (g), dry weight (g) and yield (t ha^-1). Young fruits were harvested from time to time at the edible stage. Five sample plants were selected randomly from each and every treatment. Fresh weight (g) (leaves, root, shoot and fruits) was taken and then oven-dried and weighed. Data on yield and yield contributing characters were recorded and analyzed statistically using statistical software Statistics-10.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2018–2019, Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The better performance of brinjal under the biochar treatments and different bed conditions provide a great opportunity to improve brinjal yield. A higher quantity of biochar (10 t ha^-1) and normal (8 cm) bed conditions showed superior performance (40.47 t ha^-1) than other treatment combinations. The brinjal yield can be improved with the combined application of inorganic fertilizer and biochar i.e. sustainable use of biochar improving food security and mitigating global warming. This is the result of a 1st-year study, the experiment should be repeated to the next year for confirmation of the result.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings