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Effects of Peri Phyton Grown on Bamboo Substrates on Growth and Production of Indian Major Carp, Rohu (labeo Rohita Ham.)

M. A. Wahab
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Mannan
Present address: Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

M. A. Huda
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. E. Azim
Present address: Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

A. G. Tollervey
Fisheries Management Support, DFID, House# 42, Road# 28, Gulshan, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh

M. C. M. Beveridge
Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, U.K.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effects of periphyton, grown on bamboo substrates, on growth and production of Indian major carp, rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), were studied in 10 ponds during July to October'95 at the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Five ponds were provided with bamboo substrates (treatment I) and the rests without bamboo substrates (treatment II). It was revealed that there had been no discernible difference in the water quality parameters between treatments. A large number of plankton (30 genera) showed periphytic nature and colonized on the bamboo substrates. The growth and production of fish was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the ponds with bamboo substrates as compared to the ponds without substrates. The net production of rohu in treatment I was about 1.7 times higher than that of treatment II. Fish production was as much as 1899 kg/ha over a culture period of 4 months in the periphyton-based production system.

Keywords: Periphyton, Bamboo Substrate, Labeo rohita

Location: The Field Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-1995

End Date: 00-10-1995

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To observe if increased production of rohu could be achieved using periphyton grown on bamboo substrates.

Methodology:

Experimental design and pond preparation: This trial was conducted for a period of 4 months from July to October, 1995 at the Field Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Ten earthen ponds with an area of 75 m2 and an average depth of 1.5 m were used for this study. Ponds were rainfed, well exposed to sunlight, and without any inlet or outlet. Two treatments were considered in this trial each with five replications. Among ten ponds, 5 were regarded as treatment I which were provided with bamboo poles as substrates and the rest 5 were treated as treatment II without substrates (control). Before starting the experiment, ponds were prepared following Dewan et al. (1991). Ponds were initially cleaned and treated with rotenone at the rate of 50 g/dec/feet water. After 5 days, lime was applied at the rate of 250 kg/ha and left for 5 days. About 1.5 meter long bamboo poles were inserted into the pond bottom vertically at a density of 9 poles per m². Then inorganic fertilizers (urea and TSP) were used at the rate of 200 and 100 g/ dec, respectively. The ponds were left for 15 days to allow sufficient production of periphyton on the substrates. Fish stocking and pond management After sufficient growth of periphyton on the substrates, all ponds were stocked with same sized (average weight 9.96 g each) fingerlings of rohu, Labeo rohita (Ham.) at a density of 1/m². During the entire experimental period, dilute urea and TSP were sprayed fortnightly at the rate of 400 and 500 g/ dec, .respectively. Assessment of water quality, plankton and periphyton Water quality measurements were made between 0900-1000 h on each sampling day. Water temperature (°C), dissolved oxygen (mg/1) and pH were measured at the pond site. Chlorophyll-a (J.-Lg/1) were measured in the Water Quality and Pond Dynamics Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries. Water temperature was recorded using a Celsius thermometer. Dissolved oxygen was determined by a portable DO meter (YSI model 58), pH of water were determined with a pH meter (Jenway, model3020). Chlorophyll-a was determined after filtering water sample through Whatman filter paper ( 46 em) using a spectrophotometer (Milton Roy Spectronic, model1001 plus). To enumerate plankton population, 10 samples (5 liters of water in each sample) of water were collected from different areas and depths from each pond fortnightly and were filtered through a fine mesh (25 p) phytoplankton net. Then the filtered samples were taken in a measuring cylinder carefully and made up to a standard volume of 100 ml with distilled water. Buffered formalin (5%) was added as a preservative and stored in small sealed plastic bottles until examination. Using a Sedgewick-Rafter cell, a 1 ml sub-sample was examined from each sample. All organisms present in 10 cells chosen at random were counted and identified following Bellinger (1992). Periphyton samples from bamboo poles were taken by scraping with the help of blunt razor blades. Scrapings were kept in 1000 ml water and vigorously shaken. Then the samples were preserved in 5% formalin for future study. The periphyton concentrations were determined by a Sedgewick-Rafter cell (S-R cell) as done for phytoplankton. Identification of periphyton was also done according to Bellinger (1992). Fish harvesting Ponds were drained at the end of experiment and all fishes were harvested and measured in total length (em) and weight (g). Total weight of fish per pond was also determined. Statistical analysis: For statistical analyses of data, a one way ANOV A and t-test were applied using the statistical package, STATGRAPHICS Version 7 on a personal computer IPC.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 3(1), 1999: 1-10

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Water quality parameters of a large number of samples were analysed in this experiment to observe any appreciable changes that might have occurred in response to bamboo substrates. Physical parameters like temperature, transparency and chemical parameters such as pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) have been measured throughout the experiment. Finally, it may be concluded that a locally available substrates fotmd all over the country and in this region like bamboos can increase production of rohu (Labeo rohita Ham.) in the fish ponds. There may be other sources of cheap and locally available substrates which may be of worth looking in future. However, an economic evaluation of this new culture system is prerequisite to develop a sustainable periphyton-based aquaculture technology for the rural people.

Knowledge Management: Journal