Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Effect of Minimum Tillage and Crop Residue Retention on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Crop Yields Under a Rice-based Cropping System (2016–2017)

N. Salahin
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. J. Alam
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

N. C. Shil
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A.T.M.A.I. Mondol
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. J. Alam
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

R. A. Begum
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at BARI Central Farm, Joydebpur and RARS, Jessore during rabi season in 2016-2017 to observe the effects of tillage and crop residue on soil physico-chemical properties and crop yields, to find out the optimum combination in tillage systems and crop residue retention levels for better soil health along with to assess the system productivity in rice-based cropping system. In the first year of the experiment, two practices such as T₁: conventional tillage (CT) and T₂: strip-tillage (ST) were assigned in the main plot and two levels of crop residue retention will be maintained from the second crops, such as R⁺/S₁: thirty (30) cm previous crop residue retention/incorporation of wheat and rice and full straw retention of mungbean, and R^-/S₂: removal of crop residue (farmers’ practice) in sub-plot in a split-plot design with four replications. The tested wheat crop (cv. BARI Gom 30 at Joydebpur & BARI Gom 26 at RARS, Jessore) was sown on 28 & 29 November of 2016 and harvested on 15 & 19 March of 2017, respectively. Tillage had a significant influence on the number of spikes m^-2 at Jessore and a significantly higher number of spikes m^-2was obtained in strip-tilled plots than conventionally tilled plots while did not show any remarkable variations in other yield and yield contributing characters at both locations. In addition, numerically longer spike and number of grains spike^-1 were found in ST plots than CT plots. Consequently, numerically higher grain yield (4.31 & 4.65 t ha^-1) was found in ST and lower grain yield (4.01 & 4.45 t ha^-1) was recorded in CT practice at Joydebpur and Jessore, respectively.

Keywords: Soil physico-chemical, Yield, Soil health

Location: Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Physico-Chemical

Objectives:

i. To observe the effects of tillage and crop residue on soil physico-chemical properties and crop yields in the rice–based cropping system. ii. To find out the optimum combination in tillage systems and crop residue retention levels for higher crop yield and better soil health. iii. To assess the system productivity in rice-based cropping system.

Methodology:

The experiment was started at Joydebpur Central Farm, Gazipur and RARS, Jessore during the rabi season in 2016-2017. The study area was under the agro-ecological zone “Madhupur Tract” (AEZ-28) and “High Ganges River Floodplain” (AEZ-11). Initial soil properties of the experimental field were determined and information of soil texture, bulk density, soil pH, organic matter, total N, exchangeable K, available P, S, Zn, and B contents at 0-15 cm soil depths. The unit experimental plot area was 7.2 m × 3.5 m at Joydebpur and 7.2 m × 5.0 m at Jessore and the design of the experiment was split-plot with four replications. Two tillage practices, such as T₁: conventional tillage (CT) and T₂: strip-tillage (ST) were assigned in the main plot and two levels of crop residue retention will be maintained from the second crop as R⁺/S₁: 30 cm crop residue retention and R^-/S₂: removal of crop residue (farmers’ practice) in sub-plot. At the initiation of the experiment, the plots were separated from each other according to the layout. Strip tillage was done by a power tiller-operated seeder (PTOS) with one pass whereas conventional tillage was by power tiller with two passes followed by two ladderings. Wheat seeds were sown on 28 & 29 November of 2016 at 20 cm apart from rows continuously, respectively at Joydebpur and Jessore. The rates of chemical fertilizers were N₁₃₃P₂₅K₈₀S₁₀Zn_1.5B_0.5at Joydebpur N₁₃₁P₁₆K₆₀S₁₁Zn₂B₁ kg ha^-1 at Jessore according to STB followed by FRG-2012. The whole amount of the fertilizers except urea was applied as basal dose whereas urea was applied in three equal splits at 7, 30 and 52 days after sowing (DAS). After that hand weeding (just uprooting the weeds by hand, therefore, no soil pulverization occurred in ST practice) was done once only at 28^th DAS. No pesticide or insecticides were applied at Joydebpur but the crop was slightly infested by the blast at Jessore which was well-controlled by spraying tebukonajol + triphoxystrobin (Nativo 75WG^®, Bayer Crop Science Bangladesh) @ 300 g a.i. ha^-1 at 80 DAS. The crop, wheat was harvested on 15 & 19 March of 2017 at Joydebpur and Jessore, respectively. One m² area from each plot was selected for data collection. Ten plants of each plot were selected for plant height, number of spikes m^-2, spike length, number of spikelets spike^-1, number of grains spike^-1. Thousand-grain weights were measured plot-wise. The whole plant was cut at ground level from R^-/S₂ plots whereas 30 cm of wheat straw was retained in the R⁺/S₁ plots. The grain and straw were separated, sun-dried and weighed from the 1.0 m² area of each plot. The amount of residue retained in the R⁺/S₂ plots was found from a 1.0 m² area. Finally, the grain and straw were converted into t ha^-1. All the crop data and soil properties at selected depths were statistically analyzed using a split-plot design. Treatment effects on measured variables were tested by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparisons among treatment means were made using the least significant difference LSD) multiple range test calculated at 5% level of probability (P £0.05). Statistical procedures were carried out with the software program “Statistics for Windows (1998).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2016–2017, Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This is the first-year experimentation and the benefits of previous crop residues retention could not found in this study. However, tillage had a significant influence on the number of spikes m^-2 at Jessore but no remarkable variations observed in other yield and yield contributing characters at Joydebpur and Jessore. Numerically higher grain yield was found in ST but it was identical to CT. After 1^st crop harvest, tillage practices did not affect soil bulk density and soil moisture content in both locations though numerically higher soil water and BD value was noted in ST practice than in CT practice. It is to be expected that the CA-based agricultural system would be a more sustainable cultivation system with the advancement of time because it can increase SOM content, improve water content, reduce the crop production cost and may increase or maintain crop yield. Therefore, this study should be conducted for a long time to get specific findings of minimum tillage and residue management.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings