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Influence of Sowing Date on the Growth and Yield Performance of Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.) Varieties

Utpal Madhu,
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH

Mahfuza Begum,
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH

Abdus Salam and
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH

Shubroto Kumar Sarkar*
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field study was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the effect of sowing date on the performance of wheat varieties. The experiment, laid out in RCBD with three replications, comprised four sowing dates viz.,15 November, 30 November, 15 December and 30 December, and four varieties of wheat viz. BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27 and Shatabdi. The results suggested that the highest plant population m -2 (58.17) and the highest plant height (89.59 cm) were obtained in 15 November sowing. BARI Gom 25 produced the highest plant population m -2 (50.33) and the highest plant height (86.32) while the same trend was observed in the interaction of BARI Gom 25×15 November sowing. The lowest performance of these two parameters was observed in the interaction of Shatabdi × 30 December sowing. The highest grain yield (2.18 ha-1 ) was found in the interaction of BARI Gom 25 × 15 November sowing as contributed by its highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (4.73), the highest number of spikelets spike-1 (17.77), the highest number of grains spike-1 (37.89) and the highest 1000-grain weight (29.99g). The individual effect of the BARI Gom 25 and 15 November sowing on those parameters was also observed as the highest. The lowest grain yield (1.5 t ha -1 ) was found in the interaction of Shatabdi × 30 December sowing because of the poor performance of the yield components of this treatment combination. The variety BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 both gave better yield when sown on 15 November. Therefore, BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 should be sown on 15 November rather than late sowing to obtain better performance and grain yield of wheat.

Keywords: BARI Gom, Growth and yield performance, Harvest index, Sowing date, Wheat

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

The purpose of the present field study was to investigate the response of new high yielding wheat varieties released by BARI against varying sowing times.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The soil of experimental land is loamy in texture with moderately acidic in nature having pH 6.8. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental treatments included i) four Sowing dates, 15November (S1), 30November (S2), 15 December (S3) and 30 December (S4) and ii) four wheat varieties viz. BARI Gom 25 (V1), BARI Gom 26 (V2), BARI Gom 27 (V3) and Shatabdi (V4). There were 48 plots each of 4 m × 2.5 m i.e. 10m2 . After land preparation, the field was uniformly fertilized with 220 kg urea, 160 kg triple super phosphate (TSP), 100 kg murate of potash (MoP) and 110 kg gypsum ha-1 , respectively. One-half of urea and entire amount of other fertilizers were applied basally at the time of final land preparation and the remaining ½ portion of urea was top dressed at crown root initiation stage. Seeds were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur and were sown @120 kg seeds ha-1 at four different sowing dates as stated in the treatment. Care was taken to protect the seedlings from birds upto 12 days after sowing. The experimental plots were irrigated three times. First irrigation was given at crown root initiation stage (17-21 days after sowing), the second one at early booting stage (45-50 days after sowing) and finally, third one was given during grain formation (75-80 days after sowing). Growth study was continued from 7 days after sowing (DAS) to 60 DAS. Five plants samples plot-1 were selected randomly for taking data on yield components. The crop was harvested from 1m2 at full maturity i.e.; after 80% maturity of the crops of each plot. The harvested crop was bundled separately from each plot then tagged and taken to the harvesting floor. The grains were separated from straw and were sun dried carefully for 4-6 days up to 14% moisture content. Finally, grain and straw yields per plot were recorded and converted to t ha-1 . Grain yield at 14% moisture content was calculated by using the following formula: Grain yield at 14% moisture content = {(100 – Sample moisture content) / 86} × Weight of grains at sample moisture content. Data recorded for different parameters were compiled and tabulated in proper form for statistical analysis. The recorded data on various plant characters were statistically analyzed using of MSTAT and mean difference among the treatments were adjudged with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) as described by Gomez and Gomez (1984).

Source of Information: Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 3(1): 89-94 (2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2018.0301014

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of this investigation concluded that the highest plant population m-2 (58.17) and the highest plant height (89.59 cm) were recorded in 15 November sowing. BARI Gom 25 produced the highest plant population m-2 (50.33) and the highest plant height (86.32 cm) whereas the same trend was noted in the interaction of BARI Gom 25 × 15 November sowing. The lowest performance of these two parameters was recorded in the interaction of Shatabdi × 30 December sowing. The highest grain yield (2.18t ha -1 ) was found in the interaction of BARI Gom 25 × 15 November sowing as contributed by its highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (4.73), the highest number of spikelets spike-1 (17.77), the highest number of grains spike-1 (37.89) and the highest 1000-grain weight (29.99g). The individual effect of the BARI Gom 25 and 15 November sowing on those parameters was also noticed as the highest. The lowest grain yield (1.5 t ha -1 ) was observed in the interaction of Shatabdi × 30 December sowing due to the poor performance of the yield components of this treatment combination. The variety BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 both gave better yield when sown on 15 November. Consequently, BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 should be sown on 15 November rather than late sowing to obtain better performance and grain yield of wheat. Thus, the present study suggested that the varieties BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 when seeded on 15 November produced the highest yield under and usually dependent on the existing field conditions.

Knowledge Management: Journal