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Spatial and Temporal Dimensions of Butterfly Species Diversity in Jahangirnagar University Campus and Its Suburbs, Bangladesh

Farjana Akter
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mirza Shamim Ahasan Habib
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Monwar Hossain*
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Survey was conducted in four different areas viz. Jahanginagar University Campus, Gerua, Nabinagar and Chandra of Bangladesh from October 2012 to September 2013. A total of 100 species of butterflies under 9 families were identified. The maximum number of butterflies (31 species) was recorded under the family Lycaenidae followed by Nymphalidae (17 species), Pieridae (16 species), Hesperiidae (15 species), Satyridae (7 species), Papilionidae (7 species), Danaidae (5 species) and 1 species to each family of Acraediae and Amathusiidae. Species diversity was higher from summer to early monsoon and declined in late winter. Out of four areas, the highest number of butterfly was recorded at Jahangirnagar University campus followed by Gerua, Nabinagar and the lowest at Chandra. Out of 100 species, 7 were very common, 12 were common, 17 were rare, 64 were very rare. Dusky Part Wing (Psolos fuligo Mabille, 1876) under the family Hesperiidae was recorded for the first time in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Spatial and temporal dimensions, Butterflies, JU campus, Suburbs

Location: Jahanginagar University Campus, Gerua, Nabinagar and Chandra of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2012

End Date: 00-09-2013

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Butterfly

Objectives:

The present study was started to evaluate the species diversity, dynamics, ecological status within and around Jahangirnagar the University campus.

Methodology:

Study sites: The study areas are geographically situated in central part of Bangladesh under Dhaka and Gazipur district.The study sites were selected depending on their vegetation characteristics and human interferences. The temperature was highest in April (36.3° C) and lowest in January (7.7° C). The total rainfall during the study period was 1217 mm and the mean monthly humidity was 82.07 %. Description of the study sites are given below: Jahangirnagar University campus (J): The campus of Jahangirnagar University is an undeclared sanctuary. Geographically the campus is at 23°5243.89' N latitude and 90°1617.10' E longitude, 32 km north-west from Dhaka City which includes about 280 hectors of area and it is about 6 meter high from mean sea level (Fig. 1). There are many woodlands, grasslands, garden, vegetable garden, rice field and bushes which are the habitat of many insects and wildlife including butterflies. All of these plants are very important for butterfly as larval host plant and nectar plants. Gerua (G): It (23°52"02.61' N latitude and 90°1247.70' E longitude) is adjacent to Jahangirnagar University campus. It is also enriched with reddish and yellowish soil with large amount of iron, aluminum and calcium. From the month of June to August, east side of gerua bazaar (crop field site) covered with rainwater. Gerua consists of some cultivated lands, homestead vegetation and bushes.Nabinagar (National Martyr’s Monument and Kurgao area) (N): Geographically it (23°54"43.87' N latitude and 90°15"13.05' E longitude) is closed to Jahangirnagar University campus. It is enriched with red soil. Nabinagar is most human produced disturbed area. This area is bounded by Savar Cantonment Golf course on south and Jahangirnagar University campus on south east, Chandra–Nabinagr road on north- east , Ganakbari on north, Gono Shastha and Bangshi river on west.Chandra (Sal Forest Area) (C):Chandra, the moist deciduous Sal (Shorea robusta) forest is distributed at the Kaliakur Upazila in Gazipur district. Geographically it (24°03"00.66' N latitude and 90°14"14.93' E longitude) is closed to Nabinagararea. It is characterized by high, undulated land surface with red soil. Sal plants were more common in this area, but at present these natural trees are replaced by exotic plant species (Acacia sp.). Chandra area is divided into eastern and western part by Nabinagar –Chandra road. BKSP (Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Proothistan), Nandan Park and EPZ (export processing zone) situated on south of this area.Sampling methods: Butterflies were collected from morning 8:30 am to evening 5:00 pm during October 2012 to September 2013. However, counting days were changed during unfavorable weather condition. Similar transect-line was set up at each site.

Source of Information: Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 4(1): 27-40, 2015 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Species diversity was higher from summer to early monsoon and declined in late winter. Out of four areas, the highest number of butterfly was recorded at Jahangirnagar University campus followed by Gerua, Nabinagar and the lowest at Chandra. Out of 100 species, 7 were very common, 12 were common, 17 were rare, 64 were very rare. Dusky Part Wing (Psolos fuligo Mabille, 1876) under the family Hesperiidae was recorded for the first time in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal