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Long-term Integrated Nutrient Management for Sustaining Soil Fertility and Yield of Maize-mungbean-t. Aman Cropping Pattern (2007-2020)

M. R. Khatun
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

S. Akhter
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

R. Sen
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. M. Masud
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A. Barman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

I. S. M. Farhad
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A long-term field experiment on Maize-Mungbean-T.Aman cropping pattern was conducted in the Grey Terrace Soil (AEZ-28) of Gazipur during the year of 2007-2020 with the objectives of finding out suitable fertilizer combination for sustainable yield of the pattern, monitoring soil health as affected by chemical fertilizers and organic manures and to make a balanced sheet of each nutrient. There were six treatments viz. T₁: Native fertility, T₂: MYG (STB) from chemical fertilizers + 5 t ha^-1CD, T₃: HYG (STB) from chemical fertilizer, T₄: HYG (STB) from chemical fertilizer + 5 t ha^-1CD, T₅: HYG (STB) from chemical fertilizer + 3 t ha^-1PM and T₆: MYG (STB) from chemical fertilizers. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with four replications. Data revealed that the T₅ treatment produced the highest yield of maize grain consistently in thirteen cropping cycle. The legume component (mungbean) produced over 1 t ha^-1 grain and added over 13 t ha^-1 green biomass. The third crop (T.Aman rice) also produced the highest grain yield in the T₅ treatment. The yields of maize and rice were statistically similar to all other fertilizer treatments. The modified treatment T₂ since 2011-2012 produced statistically similar yields of maize and T.Aman rice with the T₅ treatment. The native fertility treatment produced the lowest yield. This trend of influence was consistent for almost all the yield contributing characters of maize and T.Aman rice. N, K and S balances were found negative whereas P balance was found positive except T₁ treatment (native fertility).

Keywords: Fertilizer, Maize, Mungbean, T.Aman, Cropping pattern, Sustainable yield, Soil health, Cropping cycle, Plant nutrient

Location: The Grey Terrace Soil (AEZ-28) of Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2007

End Date: 00-00-2020

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Fertilizer, Soil fertility

Objectives:

a) to find out judicious fertilizer recommendation for Maize-Mungbean-T.Aman cropping pattern for sustainable yield, b) to monitor soil health after each cropping cycle and c) to estimate uptake of different plant nutrients and make a balance sheet for each of the nutrients.

Methodology:

The field experiment was initiated in the Chhiata series (Aeric Albaquepts) at Joydebpur (AEZ-28) during 2007-08 and continues. The initial soil samples, collected from depth of 0-15 cm were analyzed in the laboratory following standard methods. Initial values of some important soil physical and chemical parameters of the experimental soil are presented. The different nutrient status of the cowdung (CD) and poultry manure (PM) used in the experiment are shown. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Six different treatments viz. T₁: Native fertility, T₂: MYG (STB) from chemical fertilizers + 5 t ha^-1 CD, T₃: HYG (STB) from chemical fertilizer, T₄: HYG (STB) from chemical fertilizer + 5 t ha^-1 CD, T₅: HYG (STB) from chemical fertilizer + 3 t ha^-1 PM and T₆: MYG (STB) from chemical fertilizer were selected for different plots randomly. The unit plot size was 5m x 6m. The first crop in the pattern was maize and variety was BARI Hybrid Maize-9. Maize seeds were sown in line with 60 cm row to row and 20 cm seed to seed spacing in November, each year. Two seeds were placed in each hole and thinned out to one when the seedlings were established properly. Seeds were treated with vitavex prior to seeding.

Fertilizer N-P-K-S-Mg and B were supplied from urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, magnesium sulphate and boric acid, respectively. All PKSMgB and ¹/₃ of N were applied at the time of final land preparation. The remaining two third of N were applied as top dress at 30 and 60 days after sowing. Irrigations and other intercultural operations were done as and when required. Maize was harvested at the end of April, each year.

After maize, the mungbean variety BARI Mung-6 was sown in the plots and except the native fertility all plots received 20 kg N ha^-1. After two or three picking of the grains the green biomass was ploughed down into the soil and left for decomposition until the T.Aman was transplanted.

For the third crop in the pattern T.Aman rice, the variety BRRI dhan57 was used in the experiment. Transplanting was done during the middle of July with a row to row spacing of 20 cm and plant to plant spacing of 15 cm. The treatment combinations for rice showing fertilizer rates are outlined. All fertilizers including 1/3^rd of N were applied before transplanting. Rest of N was applied in two installments at 15 and 45 days after transplanting. T.Aman rice was harvested in the third week of October.

Data on yield and yield contributing characters of maize, mungbean and T.Aman were recorded and statistically analyzed. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to determine the significant differences between treatments (Steel and Torrie, 1960). Plant samples and post harvest soil samples were collected from each plot for chemical analysis at three year interval.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2019-2020, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Nutrient application of N₂₄₀P₄₀K₈₀S₂₅Mg₁₅B_1.2 kg ha^-1 plus 3 t PM ha^-1 for maize, only 20 kg N ha^-1 for mungbean and N₁₂₀P₂₅K₄₅S₁₅Zn₄ kg ha^-1 plus 3 t PM ha^-1 for T.Aman i.e. T₅ treatment was found best combination for the pattern. Highest average yield, rice equivalent yield and total rice system yield (t ha^-1 year^-1) of maize, mungbean and T.Aman was noted by T₅ treatment. Nutrient status in post harvest soil was improved by PM and CD incorporation with HYG (as per STB) chemical fertilizers.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings