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Growth, Yield and Quality of Mandarin and Sweet Orange as Influenced by Different Methods and Levels of Irrigation (2015-2016)

A. Khatun
Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A. R. Akanda
Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.J. Uddin
Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at RARS, Akbarpur, Moulovibazar on existing orchard to investigate the effect of different methods and levels of irrigation on the growth, yield and quality of mandarin and sweet orange. from December 2013 to April 2016. Kamala lines 26,27and BARI Malta-1 wereusedasthetestcrops.The experiment was conducted with 6 years (orange) and 4 years (sweet orange) old plantation. The four treatments were distributed in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The plant spacing was 4mx4m for orange and 3.5mx3.0m for sweet orange. The treatments were T₁: Rain fed, T₂: Irrigation applied at 10 days interval by ring basin method, T₃: Irrigation applied at 15 days interval by ring basin method, T₄: Irrigation applied through drip system at 3 days interval. Measured amount of water was applied to each plant at several intervals to maintain the soil moisture content at the root zone up to field capacity. In irrigated orange and sweet orange plants, growth was found better than non-irrigated plants. The result revealed that most of the parameters were higher in treatment T₄ where drip irrigation was applied. The highest (1553 kg/ha) and the lowest (501 kg/ha) yields of orange were obtained from treatments, T₄and T₁, and in sweet orange, 8449 kg/ha and 2335 kg/ha, from the treatments T₄and T₁, respectively. The highest yield was obtained from treatment T₄, (Drip irrigated treatment)which resulted in higher water productivity (5.55 kg/m³ for orange and 12.83 kg/m³for sweet orange) but the minimum values were obtained from ring basin irrigation method (2.43 kg/m³ for orange and 6.49kg/m³for sweet orange). The higher BCR was also observed in drip irrigated treatment (T₄).

Keywords: Irrigation schedule, Irrigation, Orange, Sweet orange, Fruit, Ring basin method

Location: RARS, Akbarpur, Moulovibazar, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Irrigation scheduling, Sweet orange, Mandarin

Objectives:

To determine an appropriate irrigation schedule
To predict the effectiveness of methods and levels of irrigation for producing high quality orange and sweet orange

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at RARS, Akbarpur, Moulovibazar on existing orchard from December, 2012. The soil textural class was sandy clay loam. There were some collections of mandarin germplasm at that station. Orange lines 26, 27 and BARI Malta-1 were used as the test crops.Plants were selected considering uniform ages. The experiment was conducted with 6 years (orange) and 4 years (sweet orange) old plantation. The combinations of these factors resulted in three treatments distributed in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The plant spacing was 4 m x 4 m for orange and 3.5 m x 3.0 m for sweet orange. Recommended doses of fertilizers were applied. Irrigation drippers were adjusted to5 mm exterior diameter micro tubes at 4 m and 3.5 m spacings for mandarin and sweet orange, respectively. . In case of drip systems, each plant had two drippers. The average discharges of the drippers were 0.32 lits/min. The treatments were:

T₁ = Rain fed

T₂ = Irrigation applied at 10 days interval by ring basin method

T₃ = Irrigation applied at 15 days interval by ring basin method

T₄ = Irrigation applied through drip system at 3 days interval

Measured amount of water was applied to each plant at several intervals to maintain the soil moisture. First flowering of orange and sweet orange were observed on 17 February 2015 and 15 January 2015, respectively.Orange fruits were harvested on 15-25 November 2015 and sweet orange fruits on10-30 October 2015. Three plants were selected randomly in each treatment for collection of data on physiological growth, yield components and yield.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2015-2016, Irrigation and Water Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study showed that the mandarin and sweet orange can be grown better under drip irrigation system. Drip irrigation treatment resulted in higher WP (5.55 kg/m³ and 12.83 kg/m³) with minimum value in comparison to that of ring basin irrigation (2.43 kg/m³ and 6.49 kg/m³). The BCR was also higher in treatment T₄, irrigated through drip irrigation method. Drip irrigation is a suitable method for mandarin and sweet orange in plane as well as in hilly areas for achieving higher crop water production.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings