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Water Stress Effect on Wheat at Different Tillage Practices (2017-2018)

R. Zaman
Irrigation and Water Management Division, BARI, Garizpur, Bangladesh

S. K. Biswas
Irrigation and Water Management Division, BARI, Garizpur, Bangladesh

A. Khatun
Irrigation and Water Management Division, BARI, Garizpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2017-2018 at Regional Agricultural Research station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna to find out the water requirements and appropriate deficit irrigation schedule of wheat on different seeding system. This study consisted of following irrigation treatments, like I₁= Irrigation at CRI stage, I₂= Irrigation at CRI and vegetative stages, I₃= Irrigation at CRI and grain filling stages and I₄= Irrigation at CRI, vegetative and grain filling stages on four tillage methods like T₁= Bed Planting, T₂= PTOS, T₃= Strip tillage, and T₄= Zero tillage and laid out in a factorial Randomize Complete Block Design with three replications. The result showed that spike/m2, spike length, grain/spike and yield were significantly affected by different tillage systems. At no deficit irrigation condition, highest grain yield (5.51 t/ha) was recorded on bed planting and lowest in zero tillage system. It’s clearly, from the result that water deficit at grain filling stage on bed planting (T₁*I₂), yield was increased about 9.4%, 10.6% and 14.4% than no deficit irrigation on PTOS, ST, zero tillage treatment, respectively. The result also exhibited, yield was identical in PTOS, ST and zero tillage system. Besides, water deficit on vegetative and grain filling on bed planting, disclosed the highest yield compare to that of other tillage system. Grain yield and all yield contributing parameters were recorded highest in treatment I₄ where irrigation water was applied 3 times like CRI, vegetative and grain filling stages on all seeding system. Lowest yield as well as all yield contribution parameter found in treatment I₁ where irrigation water was applied one time at CRI stage on entire tillage systems. The lowest grain/spike and 1000 grain weight was detected in ST and zero tillage. Bed planting system achieved the highest WUE in no water deficit treatment as well as water deficit treatment.

Keywords: Water requirements, Irrigation schedule, Wheat, Seeding system, Vegetative

Location: Regional Agricultural Research station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2017

End Date: 00-00-2018

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management, Soil Moisture, Wheat

Objectives:

To find out the water requirements and appropriate deficit irrigation schedule of wheat on different seeding system.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna, during rabi season 2017-2018. The experimental site was a silty clay loam having field capacity of 28.5%, permanent wilting point at 13% and bulk density of 1.49 g cm-³. Four irrigation treatments were assigned like I₁= Irrigation at CRI stage, I₂= Irrigation at CRI and vegetative stages, I₃= Irrigation at CRI and grain filling stages and I₄= Irrigation at CRI, vegetative and grain filling stages on four tillage methods like T₁= Bed Planting, T₂= PTOS, T₃= Strip tillage, and T₄= Zero tillage in a factorial Randomize Complete Block Design with three replications. Seed of BARI Gom -30 was sown in unit plots of size was 7 × 7.5 m. PTOS (Power tiller operated seeder), ST (strip tillage) and zero tillage system were maintained 20 cm row to row distance and in bed planting system maintained 40cm base width, 20 cm top width, 15 cm height and maintained 20cm distance between two beds and 20 cm row to raw distance. Seeds were sown on 22 November 2017, harvested on 15 March 2018 and maintained about 20-25 cm T-aman rice residue at sowing time. Post sowing irrigation was applied up to field capacity to ensure germination.

SMD was determined by estimating soil moisture content. For this purpose soil samples were taken from the effective root-zone of the wheat plant which is 0 – 90 cm. The root-zone was divided into 3 sections viz., 0-15, 15-30 and 30-45cm. Soil samples were collected from these 3 sections with the help of an Augur. The fresh weight of the soil sampled was recorded immediately with the help of a portable weighing balance. After weighed, the samples were stored in soil sampling core which were then placed in an electric oven for 24h at 100°C. The dry weight of the samples was recorded after oven dry. Soil moisture contents were then calculated using the following formula: Soil content moisture (%) = Fresh weight of the samples / Dry weight of the sample x 100.

The following irrigations were applied according to the specified treatments and irrigation water was applied up to field capacity at each irrigation and calculated amount of water by using flow meter. The amount of water applied to each treatment was calculated on the basis of the soil moisture contents at the time of irrigation by using the following expression.

d = M.C × B.D × D

Where,

d = depth of water to be applied

M.C = moisture content (%)

B.D. = bulk density of the soil

D = depth of root-zone to be irrigated.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2017-2018, Irrigation and Water Management Division, BARI, Garizpur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the study, the experiment supports the following clarifications, highest yield 5.51 (t/ha) was obtained from bed planting with no water stress treatment. Besides, identical yield exhibited in PTOS, ST and zero tillage system. Water stress at grain filling stage on bed planting was more appropriate in deficit irrigation scheduling of wheat which yield increased about 9.4%, 10.6% and 14.4% than no deficit irrigation on PTOS, ST, and zero tillage treatment, respectively.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings